Publications
How to cite / acknowledge the Fondation Campus Biotech Geneva
Authorship:
FCBG adheres to the basic rules of Scientific Integrity regarding authorship of scholar work.
All articles and publications that use any FCBG resources (equipment, protocol assistance and expertise, analyses, …) must have an author directly affiliated with FCBG when the staff member:
- have made an essential contribution to the planning, carrying out, evaluation and verification of the research work;
- have participated in the writing of the manuscript;
- and have approved the final version of the manuscript.
Acknowledgements:
When the FCBG provides a platform contribution (simple data acquisition, assistance in setting up procedures for presentation and collection of behavioral data, etc.), only a sentence in the acknowledgments is needed. For acknowledgements in articles, publications, projects, presentations…, the following text can be added:
“This study was supported by the [XXX] Platform, Fondation Campus Biotech Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.”
5649449
QWCYR4J9
1
apa
50
default
desc
year
1
29453
https://platforms.fcbg.ch/wp-content/plugins/zotpress/
%7B%22status%22%3A%22success%22%2C%22updateneeded%22%3Afalse%2C%22instance%22%3Afalse%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22request_last%22%3A200%2C%22request_next%22%3A50%2C%22used_cache%22%3Atrue%7D%2C%22data%22%3A%5B%7B%22key%22%3A%22A5WVYCYD%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Cataldi%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222026%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ECataldi%2C%20J.%2C%20Pelentritou%2C%20A.%2C%20Schwartz%2C%20S.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20De%20Lucia%2C%20M.%20%282026%29.%20Sensory%20processing%20reallocation%20from%20auditory%20to%20cardiac%20signals%20in%20REM%20sleep.%20%3Ci%3ECurrent%20Biology%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E36%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2816%29%2C%204151-4159.e3.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.cub.2026.07.024%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.cub.2026.07.024%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Sensory%20processing%20reallocation%20from%20auditory%20to%20cardiac%20signals%20in%20REM%20sleep%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jacinthe%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Cataldi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Andria%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Pelentritou%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Sophie%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Schwartz%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Marzia%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22De%20Lucia%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2208%5C%2F2026%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.cub.2026.07.024%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%5C%2Fretrieve%5C%2Fpii%5C%2FS0960982226008894%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%2209609822%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22Q93BJK79%22%2C%22QWCYR4J9%22%2C%22QZJCI396%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222026-09-04T12%3A30%3A58Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22RVVRD87V%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Banerjee%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222025-09-09%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EBanerjee%2C%20R.%2C%20Kaptan%2C%20M.%2C%20Tinnermann%2C%20A.%2C%20Khatibi%2C%20A.%2C%20Dabbagh%2C%20A.%2C%20B%26%23xFC%3Bchel%2C%20C.%2C%20K%26%23xFC%3Bndig%2C%20C.%20W.%2C%20Law%2C%20C.%20S.%20W.%2C%20Pfyffer%2C%20D.%2C%20Lythgoe%2C%20D.%20J.%2C%20Tsivaka%2C%20D.%2C%20Van%20De%20Ville%2C%20D.%2C%20Eippert%2C%20F.%2C%20Muhammad%2C%20F.%2C%20Glover%2C%20G.%20H.%2C%20David%2C%20G.%2C%20Haynes%2C%20G.%2C%20Haaker%2C%20J.%2C%20Brooks%2C%20J.%20C.%20W.%2C%20%26%23x2026%3B%20Cohen-Adad%2C%20J.%20%282025%29.%20EPISeg%3A%20Automated%20segmentation%20of%20the%20spinal%20cord%20on%20echo%20planar%20images%20using%20open-access%20multi-center%20data.%20%3Ci%3EImaging%20Neuroscience%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E3%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20IMAG.a.98.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1162%5C%2FIMAG.a.98%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1162%5C%2FIMAG.a.98%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22EPISeg%3A%20Automated%20segmentation%20of%20the%20spinal%20cord%20on%20echo%20planar%20images%20using%20open-access%20multi-center%20data%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Rohan%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Banerjee%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Merve%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kaptan%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Alexandra%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Tinnermann%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ali%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Khatibi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Alice%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Dabbagh%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Christian%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22B%5Cu00fcchel%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Christian%20W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22K%5Cu00fcndig%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Christine%20S.W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Law%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Dario%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Pfyffer%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22David%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lythgoe%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Dimitra%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Tsivaka%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Dimitri%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Van%20De%20Ville%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Falk%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Eippert%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Fauziyya%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Muhammad%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Gary%20H.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Glover%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Gergely%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22David%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Grace%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Haynes%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jan%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Haaker%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jonathan%20C.W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Brooks%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J%5Cu00fcrgen%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Finsterbusch%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Katherine%20T.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Martucci%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Kimberly%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hemmerling%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mahdi%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Mobarak-Abadi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mark%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hoggarth%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Matthew%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Howard%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Molly%20G.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bright%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Nawal%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kinany%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Olivia%20S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kowalczyk%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Patrick%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Freund%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Robert%20L.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Barry%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Sean%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Mackey%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Shahabeddin%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Vahdat%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Simon%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Schading%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Stephen%20B.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22McMahon%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Todd%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Parish%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22V%5Cu00e9ronique%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Marchand-Pauvert%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Yufen%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Chen%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Zachary%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Smith%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Kenneth%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Weber%20Ii%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Benjamin%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22De%20Leener%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Julien%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Cohen-Adad%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Abstract%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Functional%20magnetic%20resonance%20imaging%20%28fMRI%29%20of%20the%20spinal%20cord%20is%20relevant%20for%20studying%20sensation%2C%20movement%2C%20and%20autonomic%20function.%20Preprocessing%20of%20spinal%20cord%20fMRI%20data%20involves%20segmentation%20of%20the%20spinal%20cord%20on%20gradient-echo%20echo%20planar%20imaging%20%28EPI%29%20images.%20Current%20automated%20segmentation%20methods%20do%20not%20work%20well%20on%20these%20data%2C%20due%20to%20the%20low%20spatial%20resolution%2C%20susceptibility%20artifacts%20causing%20distortions%20and%20signal%20drop-out%2C%20ghosting%2C%20and%20motion-related%20artifacts.%20Consequently%2C%20this%20segmentation%20task%20demands%20a%20considerable%20amount%20of%20manual%20effort%20which%20takes%20time%20and%20is%20prone%20to%20user%20bias.%20In%20this%20work%2C%20we%20%28i%29%20gathered%20a%20multi-center%20dataset%20of%20spinal%20cord%20gradient-echo%20EPI%20with%20ground-truth%20segmentations%20and%20shared%20it%20on%20OpenNeuro%20https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fopenneuro.org%5C%2Fdatasets%5C%2Fds005143%5C%2Fversions%5C%2F1.3.1%20and%20%28ii%29%20developed%20a%20deep%20learning-based%20model%2C%20EPISeg%2C%20for%20the%20automatic%20segmentation%20of%20the%20spinal%20cord%20on%20gradient-echo%20EPI%20data.%20We%20observe%20a%20significant%20improvement%20in%20terms%20of%20segmentation%20quality%20compared%20with%20other%20available%20spinal%20cord%20segmentation%20models.%20Our%20model%20is%20resilient%20to%20different%20acquisition%20protocols%20as%20well%20as%20commonly%20observed%20artifacts%20in%20fMRI%20data.%20The%20training%20code%20is%20available%20at%20https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fgithub.com%5C%2Fsct-pipeline%5C%2Ffmri-segmentation%5C%2F%2C%20and%20the%20model%20has%20been%20integrated%20into%20the%20Spinal%20Cord%20Toolbox%20as%20a%20command-line%20tool.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222025-09-09%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1162%5C%2FIMAG.a.98%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdirect.mit.edu%5C%2Fimag%5C%2Farticle%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2F10.1162%5C%2FIMAG.a.98%5C%2F131869%5C%2FEPISeg-Automated-segmentation-of-the-spinal-cord%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222837-6056%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%222E6FW5HR%22%2C%22QWCYR4J9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222026-09-04T12%3A20%3A20Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22B6VRJ5AK%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Harquel%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222025%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EHarquel%2C%20S.%2C%20Cadic-Melchior%2C%20A.%2C%20Morishita%2C%20T.%2C%20Fleury%2C%20L.%2C%20Ceroni%2C%20M.%2C%20Menoud%2C%20P.%2C%20Br%26%23xFC%3Bgger%2C%20J.%2C%20Beanato%2C%20E.%2C%20Meyer%2C%20N.%20H.%2C%20Evangelista%2C%20G.%20G.%2C%20Egger%2C%20P.%2C%20Van%20De%20Ville%2C%20D.%2C%20Blanke%2C%20O.%2C%20Micera%2C%20S.%2C%20L%26%23xE9%3Bger%2C%20B.%2C%20Adolphsen%2C%20J.%2C%20Jagella%2C%20C.%2C%20M%26%23xFC%3Bhl%2C%20A.%2C%20Constantin%2C%20C.%2C%20%26%23x2026%3B%20Hummel%2C%20F.%20C.%20%282025%29.%20Brain%20Oscillatory%20Modes%20as%20a%20Proxy%20of%20Stroke%20Recovery.%20%3Ci%3ENeurorehabilitation%20and%20Neural%20Repair%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E39%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2812%29%2C%20983%26%23x2013%3B996.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1177%5C%2F15459683251363241%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1177%5C%2F15459683251363241%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Brain%20Oscillatory%20Modes%20as%20a%20Proxy%20of%20Stroke%20Recovery%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Sylvain%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Harquel%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22And%5Cu00e9ol%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Cadic-Melchior%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Takuya%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Morishita%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lisa%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Fleury%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Martino%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ceroni%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Pauline%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Menoud%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Julia%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Br%5Cu00fcgger%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Elena%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Beanato%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Nathalie%20H.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Meyer%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Giorgia%20G.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Evangelista%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Philip%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Egger%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Dimitri%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Van%20De%20Ville%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Olaf%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Blanke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Silvestro%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Micera%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Bertrand%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22L%5Cu00e9ger%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jan%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Adolphsen%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Caroline%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jagella%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Andreas%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22M%5Cu00fchl%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Christophe%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Constantin%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Vincent%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Alvarez%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Philippe%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Vuadens%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jean-Luc%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Turlan%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Christophe%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bonvin%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Philipp%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Koch%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Maximilian%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Wessel%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Friedhelm%20C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hummel%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Background%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Stroke%20is%20the%20leading%20cause%20of%20long-term%20disability%2C%20making%20the%20search%20for%20successful%20rehabilitation%20treatment%20one%20of%20the%20most%20important%20public%20health%20issues.%20A%20better%20understanding%20of%20the%20neural%20mechanisms%20underlying%20impairment%20and%20recovery%20is%20critical%20for%20optimizing%20treatments.%20Objective%3A%20We%20studied%20the%20longitudinal%20changes%20in%20brain%20oscillatory%20modes%2C%20linked%20to%20GABAergic%20system%20activity%2C%20and%20determined%20their%20importance%20for%20residual%20upper-limb%20motor%20functions%20and%20recovery.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Methods%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Transcranial%20Magnetic%20Stimulation%20%28TMS%29%20was%20combined%20with%20scalp%20Electroencephalography%20%28EEG%29%20to%20analyze%20TMS-induced%20brain%20oscillations%20in%20a%20cohort%20of%2066%20stroke%20patients%20in%20the%20acute%20%28N%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu200960%29%2C%20early%20%28N%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu200948%29%2C%20and%20late%20subacute%20stages%20%28N%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu200937%29.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Results%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20A%20data-driven%20parallel%20factor%20analysis%20%28PARAFAC%29%20approach%20to%20tensor%20decomposition%20extracted%20brain%20oscillatory%20modes%2C%20which%20significantly%20evolved%20longitudinally%20across%20stroke%20stages%20%28permutation%20tests%2C%20p%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Bonf%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cu2009%3C%5Cu20090.05%29.%20Notably%2C%20the%20observed%20decrease%20of%20the%20%5Cu03b1-mode%2C%20known%20to%20be%20linked%20with%20GABAergic%20system%20activity%2C%20was%20mainly%20driven%20by%20the%20recovering%20patients%20and%20was%20supportive%20of%20stroke%20recovery%20at%20the%20group%20level%20%28Bayesian%20Kendall%20correlation%2C%20moderate%20to%20strong%20statistical%20evidence%29.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Conclusions%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Overall%2C%20longitudinal%20evaluation%20of%20brain%20modes%20provides%20novel%20insights%20into%20functional%20reorganization%20of%20brain%20networks%20after%20a%20stroke.%20Notably%2C%20we%20propose%20that%20the%20observed%20%5Cu03b1-mode%20decrease%20could%20correspond%20to%20a%20beneficial%20disinhibition%20toward%20the%20late%20subacute%20stage%20that%20fosters%20plasticity%20and%20facilitates%20recovery.%20These%20results%20confirm%20the%20relevance%20of%20future%20individual%20and%20direct%20monitoring%20of%20post-stroke%20modulations%20in%20inhibitory%20system%20activity%2C%20with%20the%20ultimate%20goal%20of%20designing%20electrophysiological%20biomarkers%20and%20refining%20therapies%20based%20on%20personalized%20neuromodulation.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2212%5C%2F2025%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1177%5C%2F15459683251363241%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fjournals.sagepub.com%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2F10.1177%5C%2F15459683251363241%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221545-9683%2C%201552-6844%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%222E6FW5HR%22%2C%22QWCYR4J9%22%2C%22QZJCI396%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222026-09-04T12%3A18%3A47Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22LZLSKIFD%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Naga%20Karthik%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222026-01-22%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ENaga%20Karthik%2C%20E.%2C%20B%26%23xE9%3Bdard%2C%20S.%2C%20Valo%26%23x161%3Bek%2C%20J.%2C%20Aigner%2C%20C.%20S.%2C%20Bannier%2C%20E.%2C%20Bedna%26%23x159%3B%26%23xED%3Bk%2C%20J.%2C%20Callot%2C%20V.%2C%20Combes%2C%20A.%2C%20Curt%2C%20A.%2C%20David%2C%20G.%2C%20Eippert%2C%20F.%2C%20Farner%2C%20L.%2C%20Fehlings%2C%20M.%20G.%2C%20Freund%2C%20P.%2C%20Granberg%2C%20T.%2C%20Granziera%2C%20C.%2C%20Horn%2C%20U.%2C%20Hor%26%23xE1%3Bk%2C%20T.%2C%20Humphreys%2C%20S.%2C%20%26%23x2026%3B%20Cohen-Adad%2C%20J.%20%282026%29.%20Monitoring%20morphometric%20drift%20in%20lifelong%20learning%20segmentation%20of%20the%20spinal%20cord.%20%3Ci%3EImaging%20Neuroscience%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E4%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20IMAG.a.1105.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1162%5C%2FIMAG.a.1105%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1162%5C%2FIMAG.a.1105%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Monitoring%20morphometric%20drift%20in%20lifelong%20learning%20segmentation%20of%20the%20spinal%20cord%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Enamundram%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Naga%20Karthik%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Sandrine%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22B%5Cu00e9dard%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jan%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Valo%5Cu0161ek%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Christoph%20S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Aigner%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Elise%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bannier%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Josef%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bedna%5Cu0159%5Cu00edk%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Virginie%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Callot%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Anna%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Combes%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Armin%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Curt%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Gergely%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22David%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Falk%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Eippert%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lynn%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Farner%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Michael%20G%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Fehlings%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Patrick%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Freund%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Tobias%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Granberg%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Cristina%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Granziera%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ulrike%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Horn%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Tom%5Cu00e1%5Cu0161%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hor%5Cu00e1k%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Suzanne%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Humphreys%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Markus%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hupp%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Anne%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kerbrat%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Nawal%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kinany%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Shannon%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kolind%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Petr%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kudli%5Cu010dka%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Anna%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lebret%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lisa%20Eunyoung%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lee%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Caterina%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Mainero%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Allan%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Martin%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Megan%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22McGrath%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Govind%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Nair%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Kristin%20P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22O%5Cu2019Grady%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jiwon%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Oh%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Russell%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ouellette%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Nikolai%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Pfender%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Dario%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Pfyffer%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Pierre-Fran%5Cu00e7ois%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Pradat%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Alexandre%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Prat%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Emanuele%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Pravat%5Cu00e0%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Daniel%20S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Reich%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ilaria%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ricchi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Naama%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Rotem-Kohavi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Simon%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Schading-Sassenhausen%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Maryam%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Seif%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Andrew%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Smith%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Seth%20A%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Smith%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Grace%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sweeney%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Roger%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Tam%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Anthony%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Traboulsee%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Constantina%20Andrada%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Treaba%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Charidimos%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Tsagkas%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Zachary%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Vavasour%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Dimitri%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Van%20De%20Ville%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Kenneth%20Arnold%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Weber%20Ii%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Sarath%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Chandar%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Julien%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Cohen-Adad%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Abstract%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Morphometric%20measures%20derived%20from%20spinal%20cord%20segmentations%20can%20serve%20as%20diagnostic%20and%20prognostic%20biomarkers%20in%20neurological%20diseases%20and%20injuries%20affecting%20the%20spinal%20cord.%20For%20instance%2C%20the%20spinal%20cord%20cross-sectional%20area%20can%20be%20used%20to%20monitor%20cord%20atrophy%20in%20multiple%20sclerosis%20and%20to%20characterize%20compression%20in%20degenerative%20cervical%20myelopathy.%20While%20robust%2C%20automatic%20segmentation%20methods%20to%20a%20wide%20variety%20of%20contrasts%20and%20pathologies%20have%20been%20developed%20over%20the%20past%20few%20years%2C%20whether%20their%20predictions%20are%20stable%20as%20the%20model%20is%20updated%20using%20new%20datasets%20has%20not%20been%20assessed.%20This%20is%20particularly%20important%20for%20deriving%20normative%20values%20from%20healthy%20participants.%20In%20this%20study%2C%20we%20present%20a%20spinal%20cord%20segmentation%20model%20trained%20on%20a%20multisite%20%28n%20%3D%2075%20sites%2C%201%2C631%20participants%29%20dataset%2C%20including%209%20different%20MRI%20contrasts%20and%20several%20spinal%20cord%20pathologies.%20We%20also%20introduce%20a%20lifelong%20learning%20framework%20to%20automatically%20monitor%20the%20morphometric%20drift%20as%20the%20model%20is%20updated%20using%20additional%20datasets.%20The%20framework%20is%20triggered%20by%20an%20automatic%20GitHub%20Actions%20workflow%20every%20time%20a%20new%20model%20is%20created%2C%20recording%20the%20morphometric%20values%20derived%20from%20the%20model%5Cu2019s%20predictions%20over%20time.%20As%20a%20real-world%20application%20of%20the%20proposed%20framework%2C%20we%20employed%20the%20spinal%20cord%20segmentation%20model%20to%20update%20a%20recently%20introduced%20normative%20database%20of%20healthy%20participants%20containing%20commonly%20used%20measures%20of%20spinal%20cord%20morphometry.%20Results%20showed%20that%20%28i%29%20our%20model%20performs%20well%20compared%20with%20its%20previous%20versions%20and%20existing%20pathology-specific%20models%20on%20the%20lumbar%20spinal%20cord%2C%20images%20with%20severe%20compression%2C%20and%20in%20the%20presence%20of%20intramedullary%20lesions%20and%5C%2For%20atrophy%20achieving%20an%20average%20Dice%20score%20of%200.95%20%5Cu00b1%200.03%3B%20%28ii%29%20the%20automatic%20workflow%20for%20monitoring%20morphometric%20drift%20provides%20a%20quick%20feedback%20loop%20for%20developing%20future%20segmentation%20models%3B%20and%20%28iii%29%20the%20scaling%20factor%20required%20to%20update%20the%20database%20of%20morphometric%20measures%20is%20nearly%20constant%20among%20slices%20across%20the%20given%20vertebral%20levels%2C%20showing%20minimum%20drift%20between%20the%20current%20and%20previous%20versions%20of%20the%20model%20monitored%20by%20the%20framework.%20The%20code%20and%20model%20are%20open%20source%20and%20accessible%20via%20Spinal%20Cord%20Toolbox%20v7.0.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222026-01-22%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1162%5C%2FIMAG.a.1105%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdirect.mit.edu%5C%2Fimag%5C%2Farticle%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2F10.1162%5C%2FIMAG.a.1105%5C%2F134757%5C%2FMonitoring-morphometric-drift-in-lifelong-learning%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222837-6056%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%222E6FW5HR%22%2C%22QWCYR4J9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222026-09-04T12%3A17%3A59Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22V6K6W8LF%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Gninenko%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222026%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EGninenko%2C%20N.%2C%20Senn%2C%20P.%2C%20Haller%2C%20S.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Van%20De%20Ville%2C%20D.%20%282026%29.%20Altered%20parietal%20multisensory%20integration%20in%20chronic%20tinnitus%20during%20closed-loop%20real-time%20fMRI%20auditory%20downregulation.%20%3Ci%3ENeuroImage%3A%20Clinical%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E49%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20103960.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.nicl.2026.103960%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.nicl.2026.103960%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Altered%20parietal%20multisensory%20integration%20in%20chronic%20tinnitus%20during%20closed-loop%20real-time%20fMRI%20auditory%20downregulation%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Nicolas%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gninenko%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Pascal%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Senn%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Sven%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Haller%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Dimitri%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Van%20De%20Ville%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222026%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.nicl.2026.103960%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%5C%2Fretrieve%5C%2Fpii%5C%2FS2213158226000197%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%2222131582%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%222E6FW5HR%22%2C%22QWCYR4J9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222026-09-04T12%3A16%3A39Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22F6HUAJCR%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Forrer%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222026%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EForrer%2C%20S.%2C%20Delavari%2C%20F.%2C%20Sandini%2C%20C.%2C%20Van%20De%20Ville%2C%20D.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Eliez%2C%20S.%20%282026%29.%20Developmental%20Brain%20Network%20Trajectories%20Differentiate%20Resilience%20and%20Vulnerability%20to%20Psychosis%20in%2022q11.2%20Deletion%20Syndrome.%20%3Ci%3EBiological%20Psychiatry%20Global%20Open%20Science%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E6%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%285%29%2C%20100768.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.bpsgos.2026.100768%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.bpsgos.2026.100768%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Developmental%20Brain%20Network%20Trajectories%20Differentiate%20Resilience%20and%20Vulnerability%20to%20Psychosis%20in%2022q11.2%20Deletion%20Syndrome%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Silas%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Forrer%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Farnaz%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Delavari%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Corrado%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sandini%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Dimitri%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Van%20De%20Ville%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Stephan%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Eliez%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2209%5C%2F2026%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.bpsgos.2026.100768%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%5C%2Fretrieve%5C%2Fpii%5C%2FS2667174326000819%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%2226671743%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%222E6FW5HR%22%2C%22QWCYR4J9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222026-09-04T12%3A11%3A31Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22PHPSESWZ%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Morishita%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222026-09-01%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EMorishita%2C%20T.%2C%20Coscia%2C%20M.%2C%20Bacigalupo%2C%20M.%2C%20Lassi%2C%20M.%2C%20Proulx%2C%20C.%20E.%2C%20Fleury%2C%20L.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Hummel%2C%20F.%20C.%20%282026%29.%20Motor-evoked%20modules%20obtained%20from%20transcranial%20magnetic%20stimulation.%20%3Ci%3EJournal%20of%20Neurophysiology%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E136%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%283%29%2C%201058%26%23x2013%3B1074.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1152%5C%2Fjn.00122.2026%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1152%5C%2Fjn.00122.2026%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Motor-evoked%20modules%20obtained%20from%20transcranial%20magnetic%20stimulation%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Takuya%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Morishita%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Martina%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Coscia%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mirea%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bacigalupo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Michael%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lassi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Camille%20E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Proulx%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lisa%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Fleury%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Friedhelm%20C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hummel%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22The%20study%20introduces%20a%20framework%20to%20assess%20the%20pattern-level%20structure%20of%20corticospinal%20outputs%20using%20motor-evoked%20modules%20%28MEMs%29%20obtained%20from%20transcranial%20magnetic%20stimulation%20%28TMS%29.%20MEMs%20were%20extracted%20from%20multimuscle%20motor-evoked%20potentials%20%28MEPs%29%20through%20non-negative%20matrix%20factorization%20%28NMF%29.%20MEM%20structure%20was%20impacted%20by%20stimulus%20intensity%2C%20and%20intracortical%20inhibition%20appeared%20to%20alter%20MEM%20structure%20compared%20with%20single-pulse%20TMS.%20The%20framework%20complements%20well-established%20single-muscle%20MEP%20analyses%20and%20offers%20a%20novel%20perspective%20for%20investigating%20the%20motor%20system.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%2C%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20As%20a%20noninvasive%20neuromodulation%20technique%2C%20transcranial%20magnetic%20stimulation%20%28TMS%29%20offers%20insights%20into%20motor%20system%20physiology%20through%20motor-evoked%20potentials%20%28MEPs%29.%20In%20the%20present%20study%2C%20we%20applied%20a%20factorization%20approach%20to%20multimuscle%20MEPs%20to%20characterize%20the%20pattern-level%20structure%20of%20corticospinal%20outputs%20beyond%20conventional%20per-muscle%20amplitude%20measures.%20To%20evaluate%20this%20approach%2C%20we%20analyzed%20multimuscle%20MEP%20datasets%20from%20three%20experiments%20in%20healthy%20young%20adults%20focusing%20on%20different%20stimulus%20parameters%3A%20stimulus%20intensity%20%28%20experiment%201%3A%20n%20%3D%2040%29%2C%20motor%20mapping%20size%20%28%20experiment%202%3A%20n%20%3D%2035%29%2C%20and%20activation%20of%20intracortical%20circuits%20by%20a%20paired-pulse%20TMS%20paradigm%20%28%20experiment%203%3A%20n%20%3D%2020%29.%20We%20extracted%20motor-evoked%20modules%20%28MEMs%29%20using%20non-negative%20matrix%20factorization%20%28NMF%29%20and%20compared%20their%20structure%20across%20different%20stimulus%20conditions.%20MEM%20structure%20was%20impacted%20by%20stimulus%20intensity%2C%20and%20these%20findings%20indicate%20that%20stimulus%20intensity%20shapes%20the%20pattern-level%20structure%20of%20corticospinal%20outputs.%20Varying%20motor%20mapping%20size%20had%20only%20a%20minor%20impact%20on%20MEM%20structure%2C%20suggesting%20that%20the%20pattern-level%20structure%20of%20corticospinal%20outputs%20elicited%20by%20TMS%20was%20stable%20across%20mapping%20extents.%20Activation%20of%20intracortical%20inhibition%20appeared%20to%20alter%20MEM%20structure%20compared%20with%20single-pulse%20TMS.%20These%20findings%20suggest%20that%20paired-pulse%20activation%20of%20intracortical%20inhibition%20may%20alter%20the%20pattern-level%20structure%20of%20corticospinal%20outputs.%20The%20MEM%20framework%20allows%20us%20to%20characterize%20the%20pattern-level%20structure%20of%20corticospinal%20outputs%20beyond%20single-muscle%20MEPs%3B%20thus%2C%20MEMs%20obtained%20from%20TMS%20complement%20well-established%20single-muscle%20MEP%20analyses%20and%20offer%20a%20novel%20perspective%20for%20investigating%20the%20motor%20system.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20NEW%20%26%20NOTEWORTHY%20The%20study%20introduces%20a%20framework%20to%20assess%20the%20pattern-level%20structure%20of%20corticospinal%20outputs%20using%20motor-evoked%20modules%20%28MEMs%29%20obtained%20from%20transcranial%20magnetic%20stimulation%20%28TMS%29.%20MEMs%20were%20extracted%20from%20multimuscle%20motor-evoked%20potentials%20%28MEPs%29%20through%20non-negative%20matrix%20factorization%20%28NMF%29.%20MEM%20structure%20was%20impacted%20by%20stimulus%20intensity%2C%20and%20intracortical%20inhibition%20appeared%20to%20alter%20MEM%20structure%20compared%20with%20single-pulse%20TMS.%20The%20framework%20complements%20well-established%20single-muscle%20MEP%20analyses%20and%20offers%20a%20novel%20perspective%20for%20investigating%20the%20motor%20system.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222026-09-01%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1152%5C%2Fjn.00122.2026%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fjournals.physiology.org%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2F10.1152%5C%2Fjn.00122.2026%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220022-3077%2C%201522-1598%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22QWCYR4J9%22%2C%22QZJCI396%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222026-09-01T12%3A10%3A20Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22SSMKXHVG%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Vassiliadis%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222026%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EVassiliadis%2C%20P.%2C%20Pinheiro%2C%20D.%20L.%2C%20Fleury%2C%20L.%2C%20Zenon%2C%20A.%2C%20Esparza-Iaizzo%2C%20M.%2C%20Ingster%2C%20A.%2C%20Micera%2C%20S.%2C%20Shokur%2C%20S.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Hummel%2C%20F.%20C.%20%282026%29.%20Real-time%20reinforcement%20for%20human-machine%20interface%20control.%20%3Ci%3ENeuron%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20S0896627326003806.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.neuron.2026.05.009%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.neuron.2026.05.009%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Real-time%20reinforcement%20for%20human-machine%20interface%20control%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Pierre%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Vassiliadis%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Daniel%20Leal%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Pinheiro%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lisa%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Fleury%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Alexandre%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Zenon%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mart%5Cu00edn%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Esparza-Iaizzo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Abiga%5Cu00efl%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ingster%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Silvestro%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Micera%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Solaiman%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Shokur%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Friedhelm%20C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hummel%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%226%5C%2F2026%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.neuron.2026.05.009%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%5C%2Fretrieve%5C%2Fpii%5C%2FS0896627326003806%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%2208966273%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%222E6FW5HR%22%2C%22QWCYR4J9%22%2C%22QZJCI396%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222026-08-27T09%3A57%3A48Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22223PH2BS%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22De%20Riedmatten%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222026-08-15%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EDe%20Riedmatten%2C%20I.%2C%20Spencer%2C%20A.%20P.%20C.%2C%20Martuzzi%2C%20R.%2C%20Rochas%2C%20V.%2C%20P%26%23xE9%3Brot%2C%20J.%2C%20Szczepankiewicz%2C%20F.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Jelescu%2C%20I.%20O.%20%282026%29.%20Characterising%20the%20Diffusion%20Functional%20Signature%20of%20Negative%20%3Cspan%20style%3D%5C%22font-variant%3Asmall-caps%3B%5C%22%3EBOLD%3C%5C%2Fspan%3E%20With%20Interleaved%20%3Cspan%20style%3D%5C%22font-variant%3Asmall-caps%3B%5C%22%3ETMS%3C%5C%2Fspan%3E%20%26%23x2010%3B%20%3Cspan%20style%3D%5C%22font-variant%3Asmall-caps%3B%5C%22%3EfMRI%3C%5C%2Fspan%3E%20in%20the%20Human%20Brain.%20%3Ci%3EHuman%20Brain%20Mapping%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E47%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2812%29%2C%20e70629.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1002%5C%2Fhbm.70629%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1002%5C%2Fhbm.70629%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Characterising%20the%20Diffusion%20Functional%20Signature%20of%20Negative%20%3Cspan%20style%3D%5C%22font-variant%3Asmall-caps%3B%5C%22%3EBOLD%3C%5C%2Fspan%3E%20With%20Interleaved%20%3Cspan%20style%3D%5C%22font-variant%3Asmall-caps%3B%5C%22%3ETMS%3C%5C%2Fspan%3E%20%5Cu2010%20%3Cspan%20style%3D%5C%22font-variant%3Asmall-caps%3B%5C%22%3EfMRI%3C%5C%2Fspan%3E%20in%20the%20Human%20Brain%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22In%5Cu00e8s%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22De%20Riedmatten%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Arthur%20P.%20C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Spencer%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Roberto%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Martuzzi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Vincent%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Rochas%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jean%5Cu2010Baptiste%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22P%5Cu00e9rot%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Filip%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Szczepankiewicz%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ileana%20O.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jelescu%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22ABSTRACT%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20The%20coupling%20between%20brain%20excitatory%20activity%20and%20positive%20blood%20oxygen%20level%5Cu2010dependent%20%28BOLD%29%20responses%20is%20well%5Cu2010established.%20Although%20often%20associated%20with%20inhibition%2C%20negative%20BOLD%20remains%20partially%20understood.%20Moving%20away%20from%20neurovascular%20coupling%2C%20apparent%20diffusion%20coefficient%20%28ADC%29%5Cu2010fMRI%20provides%20a%20more%20direct%20measure%20of%20excitatory%20activity%2C%20possibly%20mediated%20by%20transient%20cellular%20deformations.%20Diffusion%5Cu2010weighted%20fMRI%20%28dfMRI%29%2C%20from%20which%20ADC%5Cu2010fMRI%20derives%2C%20combines%20vascular%20and%20microstructural%20contributions.%20While%20decreases%20in%20ADC%20align%20with%20positive%20BOLD%2C%20the%20possible%20translation%20of%20negative%20BOLD%20into%20positive%20ADC%20and%20the%20ability%20of%20ADC%5Cu2010fMRI%20to%20capture%20inhibitory%20activity%20remain%20unexplored%20in%20humans.%20In%20this%20study%2C%20we%20used%20transcranial%20magnetic%20stimulation%20%28TMS%29%5Cu2010fMRI%20on%20the%20right%20primary%20motor%20cortex%20%28M1%29%20to%20selectively%20induce%20contralateral%20negative%20BOLD%20responses%2C%20whilst%20acquiring%20interleaved%20fMRI.%20TMS%20was%20applied%20at%205%5Cu2009Hz%2C%2090%25%20resting%20motor%20threshold%2C%20for%20both%20BOLD%5Cu2010fMRI%20and%20ADC%5Cu2010fMRI%20contrasts%2C%20in%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20n%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu200912%20and%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20n%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu200911%20healthy%20participants%2C%20respectively.%20We%20replicated%20previously%20reported%20negative%20BOLD%20clusters%20in%20the%20contralateral%20M1%20and%20primary%20somatosensory%20cortex%20%28S1%29.%20This%20was%20accompanied%20by%20a%20negative%20dfMRI%20response%2C%20but%20no%20ADC%5Cu2010fMRI%20response%2C%20indicating%20minimal%20microstructural%20fluctuations.%20In%20ipsilateral%20M1%5C%2FS1%2C%20no%20BOLD%20response%20was%20detected%20while%20dfMRI%20revealed%20a%20positive%20cluster%2C%20suggesting%20different%20sensitivity%20to%20the%20excitatory%5C%2Finhibitory%20balance.%20Overall%2C%20combining%20the%20findings%20from%20BOLD%5Cu2010fMRI%20and%20ADC%5Cu2010fMRI%20provides%20new%20insights%20into%20the%20vascular%20and%20neuronal%20responses%20underlying%20subthreshold%20TMS%20and%20negative%20BOLD.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%2C%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Key%20Points%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20We%20used%20interleaved%20TMS%5Cu2010fMRI%20to%20investigate%20the%20diffusion%20functional%20signature%20of%20negative%20BOLD.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20In%20the%20region%20with%20negative%20BOLD%20cluster%2C%20a%20negative%20diffusion%5Cu2010weighted%20fMRI%20cluster%2C%20but%20no%20corresponding%20ADC%5Cu2010fMRI%20cluster%20was%20detected%2C%20suggesting%20minimal%20microstructural%20fluctuations.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20The%20absence%20of%20a%20BOLD%20cluster%20at%20the%20stimulation%20site%2C%20alongside%20a%20strong%20diffusion%5Cu2010weighted%20fMRI%20cluster%20%28%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20b%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu2009200%5Cu2009s%20mm%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cu22122%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%29%20suggests%20a%20different%20sensitivity%20to%20the%20excitatory%5C%2Finhibitory%20balance.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222026-08-15%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1002%5C%2Fhbm.70629%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2F10.1002%5C%2Fhbm.70629%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221065-9471%2C%201097-0193%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22QWCYR4J9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222026-08-25T08%3A17%3A45Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%229VL3EGXD%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22De%20Riedmatten%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222026-08-15%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EDe%20Riedmatten%2C%20I.%2C%20Spencer%2C%20A.%20P.%20C.%2C%20Martuzzi%2C%20R.%2C%20Rochas%2C%20V.%2C%20P%26%23xE9%3Brot%2C%20J.%2C%20Szczepankiewicz%2C%20F.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Jelescu%2C%20I.%20O.%20%282026%29.%20Characterising%20the%20Diffusion%20Functional%20Signature%20of%20Negative%20%3Cspan%20style%3D%5C%22font-variant%3Asmall-caps%3B%5C%22%3EBOLD%3C%5C%2Fspan%3E%20With%20Interleaved%20%3Cspan%20style%3D%5C%22font-variant%3Asmall-caps%3B%5C%22%3ETMS%3C%5C%2Fspan%3E%20%26%23x2010%3B%20%3Cspan%20style%3D%5C%22font-variant%3Asmall-caps%3B%5C%22%3EfMRI%3C%5C%2Fspan%3E%20in%20the%20Human%20Brain.%20%3Ci%3EHuman%20Brain%20Mapping%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E47%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2812%29%2C%20e70629.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1002%5C%2Fhbm.70629%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1002%5C%2Fhbm.70629%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Characterising%20the%20Diffusion%20Functional%20Signature%20of%20Negative%20%3Cspan%20style%3D%5C%22font-variant%3Asmall-caps%3B%5C%22%3EBOLD%3C%5C%2Fspan%3E%20With%20Interleaved%20%3Cspan%20style%3D%5C%22font-variant%3Asmall-caps%3B%5C%22%3ETMS%3C%5C%2Fspan%3E%20%5Cu2010%20%3Cspan%20style%3D%5C%22font-variant%3Asmall-caps%3B%5C%22%3EfMRI%3C%5C%2Fspan%3E%20in%20the%20Human%20Brain%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22In%5Cu00e8s%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22De%20Riedmatten%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Arthur%20P.%20C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Spencer%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Roberto%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Martuzzi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Vincent%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Rochas%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jean%5Cu2010Baptiste%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22P%5Cu00e9rot%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Filip%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Szczepankiewicz%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ileana%20O.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jelescu%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22ABSTRACT%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20The%20coupling%20between%20brain%20excitatory%20activity%20and%20positive%20blood%20oxygen%20level%5Cu2010dependent%20%28BOLD%29%20responses%20is%20well%5Cu2010established.%20Although%20often%20associated%20with%20inhibition%2C%20negative%20BOLD%20remains%20partially%20understood.%20Moving%20away%20from%20neurovascular%20coupling%2C%20apparent%20diffusion%20coefficient%20%28ADC%29%5Cu2010fMRI%20provides%20a%20more%20direct%20measure%20of%20excitatory%20activity%2C%20possibly%20mediated%20by%20transient%20cellular%20deformations.%20Diffusion%5Cu2010weighted%20fMRI%20%28dfMRI%29%2C%20from%20which%20ADC%5Cu2010fMRI%20derives%2C%20combines%20vascular%20and%20microstructural%20contributions.%20While%20decreases%20in%20ADC%20align%20with%20positive%20BOLD%2C%20the%20possible%20translation%20of%20negative%20BOLD%20into%20positive%20ADC%20and%20the%20ability%20of%20ADC%5Cu2010fMRI%20to%20capture%20inhibitory%20activity%20remain%20unexplored%20in%20humans.%20In%20this%20study%2C%20we%20used%20transcranial%20magnetic%20stimulation%20%28TMS%29%5Cu2010fMRI%20on%20the%20right%20primary%20motor%20cortex%20%28M1%29%20to%20selectively%20induce%20contralateral%20negative%20BOLD%20responses%2C%20whilst%20acquiring%20interleaved%20fMRI.%20TMS%20was%20applied%20at%205%5Cu2009Hz%2C%2090%25%20resting%20motor%20threshold%2C%20for%20both%20BOLD%5Cu2010fMRI%20and%20ADC%5Cu2010fMRI%20contrasts%2C%20in%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20n%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu200912%20and%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20n%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu200911%20healthy%20participants%2C%20respectively.%20We%20replicated%20previously%20reported%20negative%20BOLD%20clusters%20in%20the%20contralateral%20M1%20and%20primary%20somatosensory%20cortex%20%28S1%29.%20This%20was%20accompanied%20by%20a%20negative%20dfMRI%20response%2C%20but%20no%20ADC%5Cu2010fMRI%20response%2C%20indicating%20minimal%20microstructural%20fluctuations.%20In%20ipsilateral%20M1%5C%2FS1%2C%20no%20BOLD%20response%20was%20detected%20while%20dfMRI%20revealed%20a%20positive%20cluster%2C%20suggesting%20different%20sensitivity%20to%20the%20excitatory%5C%2Finhibitory%20balance.%20Overall%2C%20combining%20the%20findings%20from%20BOLD%5Cu2010fMRI%20and%20ADC%5Cu2010fMRI%20provides%20new%20insights%20into%20the%20vascular%20and%20neuronal%20responses%20underlying%20subthreshold%20TMS%20and%20negative%20BOLD.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%2C%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Key%20Points%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20We%20used%20interleaved%20TMS%5Cu2010fMRI%20to%20investigate%20the%20diffusion%20functional%20signature%20of%20negative%20BOLD.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20In%20the%20region%20with%20negative%20BOLD%20cluster%2C%20a%20negative%20diffusion%5Cu2010weighted%20fMRI%20cluster%2C%20but%20no%20corresponding%20ADC%5Cu2010fMRI%20cluster%20was%20detected%2C%20suggesting%20minimal%20microstructural%20fluctuations.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20The%20absence%20of%20a%20BOLD%20cluster%20at%20the%20stimulation%20site%2C%20alongside%20a%20strong%20diffusion%5Cu2010weighted%20fMRI%20cluster%20%28%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20b%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu2009200%5Cu2009s%20mm%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cu22122%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%29%20suggests%20a%20different%20sensitivity%20to%20the%20excitatory%5C%2Finhibitory%20balance.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222026-08-15%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1002%5C%2Fhbm.70629%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2F10.1002%5C%2Fhbm.70629%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221065-9471%2C%201097-0193%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%222E6FW5HR%22%2C%22QWCYR4J9%22%2C%22QZJCI396%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222026-08-24T08%3A39%3A23Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%224XLRF3G4%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Delavari%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222026-08-14%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EDelavari%2C%20F.%2C%20Moia%2C%20S.%2C%20Forrer%2C%20S.%2C%20Sandini%2C%20C.%2C%20Kojovic%2C%20N.%2C%20Pascucci%2C%20A.%2C%20Lacour%2C%20C.%2C%20Eliez%2C%20S.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Van%20De%20Ville%2C%20D.%20%282026%29.%20Aberrant%20cerebrovascular%20reactivity%20presents%20as%20an%20early%20biomarker%20of%20psychosis%20susceptibility%20in%20patients%20with%2022q11.2DS.%20%3Ci%3ETranslational%20Psychiatry%3C%5C%2Fi%3E.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1038%5C%2Fs41398-026-04382-y%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1038%5C%2Fs41398-026-04382-y%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Aberrant%20cerebrovascular%20reactivity%20presents%20as%20an%20early%20biomarker%20of%20psychosis%20susceptibility%20in%20patients%20with%2022q11.2DS%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Farnaz%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Delavari%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Stefano%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Moia%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Silas%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Forrer%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Corrado%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sandini%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Nada%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kojovic%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Alessandro%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Pascucci%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Cl%5Cu00e9mence%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lacour%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Stephan%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Eliez%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Dimitri%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Van%20De%20Ville%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Abstract%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20The%20brain%5Cu2019s%20ability%20to%20regulate%20blood%20flow%20is%20fundamental%20to%20both%20its%20function%20and%20development.%20In%20the%20context%20of%20neurodevelopmental%20disorders%20such%20as%20schizophrenia%2C%20understanding%20the%20complex%20interactions%20between%20cerebrovascular%20health%20and%20brain%20function%20is%20crucial%20for%20unraveling%20the%20pathophysiology%20of%20psychosis.%20This%20study%20investigates%20the%20developmental%20trajectory%20of%20cerebrovascular%20reactivity%20%28CVR%29%20in%2022q11%20deletion%20syndrome%20%2822q11.2DS%29%20compared%20to%20healthy%20controls%2C%20and%20its%20association%20with%20psychosis%20susceptibility.%20Using%20one%20of%20the%20largest%20longitudinal%20data-set%20of%20resting-state%20fMRI%2C%20we%20mapped%20for%20the%20first%20time%20voxel-level%20CVR%20across%20development.%20We%20found%20an%20early%20reduction%20in%20CVR%20in%2022q11.2DS%2C%20and%20in%20particular%20in%20those%20who%20later%20developed%20positive%20psychotic%20symptoms%20%28PPS%5Cu2009%2B%5Cu2009%29.%20These%20reductions%20were%20evident%20within%20the%20anterior%20cingulate%20cortex%2C%20frontal%20lobes%2C%20and%20globi%20pallidi%20%28GP%29.%20We%20propose%20that%20the%20pattern%20of%20CVR%20alterations%20presenting%20early%20during%20childhood%20is%20possibly%20linked%20to%20altered%20blood-brain%20barrier%20integrity%20or%20permeability%2C%20potentially%20involving%20endothelial%20or%20tight-junction%20dysfunction%3B%20however%2C%20BBB%20integrity%20was%20not%20directly%20measured%20in%20this%20study.%20A%20decrease%20in%20CVR%20during%20childhood%20and%20within%20the%20frontal%20regions%20and%20GP%20was%20predictive%20of%20subsequent%20development%20of%20positive%20psychotic%20symptoms%29%2C%20which%20often%20occurs%20during%20adolescence%20in%2022q11.2DS%20patients.%20These%20findings%20suggest%20that%20cerebrovascular%20health%20is%20critical%20for%20normal%20brain%20development%2C%20particularly%20in%20regions%20like%20the%20striatum%2C%20which%20are%20vulnerable%20to%20vascular%20damage%20due%20to%20their%20anatomical%20features.%20These%20results%20underline%20the%20potential%20of%20CVR%20as%20an%20early%20biomarker%20for%20psychosis%20vulnerability%2C%20emphasizing%20the%20need%20for%20targeted%20interventions%20to%20mitigate%20neurodevelopmental%20disruptions%20of%20cerebrovascular%20health%20in%2022q11.2DS.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222026-08-14%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1038%5C%2Fs41398-026-04382-y%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.nature.com%5C%2Farticles%5C%2Fs41398-026-04382-y%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222158-3188%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%222E6FW5HR%22%2C%22QWCYR4J9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222026-08-19T11%3A23%3A46Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22XDGLQAF5%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Pappaianni%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222025%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EPappaianni%2C%20E.%2C%20Borsarini%2C%20B.%2C%20Berchio%2C%20C.%2C%20Aicoboaie%2C%20S.%2C%20Konstantopoulou%2C%20S.%20V.%2C%20Van%20De%20Ville%2C%20D.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Micali%2C%20N.%20%282025%29.%20Neurobiology%20and%20Cognition%20in%20Girls%20at%20High%26%23x2010%3BRisk%20of%20Eating%20Disorders%3A%20Exploring%20Imaging%26%23x2010%3BDerived%20Trait%20Markers.%20%3Ci%3EEuropean%20Eating%20Disorders%20Review%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E33%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%285%29%2C%201032%26%23x2013%3B1043.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1002%5C%2Ferv.3203%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1002%5C%2Ferv.3203%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Neurobiology%20and%20Cognition%20in%20Girls%20at%20High%5Cu2010Risk%20of%20Eating%20Disorders%3A%20Exploring%20Imaging%5Cu2010Derived%20Trait%20Markers%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Pappaianni%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22B.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Borsarini%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Berchio%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Aicoboaie%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20V.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Konstantopoulou%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Van%20De%20Ville%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22N.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Micali%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22ABSTRACT%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Background%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Eating%20disorders%20%28EDs%29%20are%20serious%20psychiatric%20disorders%20characterized%20by%20impairments%20in%20neurocognition%20and%20altered%20brain%20structure.%20To%20date%20the%20majority%20of%20studies%20have%20investigated%20these%20in%20acutely%20ill%20or%20recovered%20individuals.%20Studying%20children%20at%20familial%20high%20risk%20%28FHR%29%20for%20psychiatric%20disorders%20allows%20investigating%20vulnerability%20traits%20or%20trait%20markers%20that%20may%20be%20present%20before%20disorder%20onset.%20Our%20study%20is%20the%20first%20one%20to%20examine%20executive%20function%20and%20brain%20structure%20in%20girls%20at%20FHR%20for%20ED%20%28Anorexia%20Nervosa%2C%20Bulimia%20Nervosa%2C%20and%20Binge%20Eating%20Disorder%29%20compared%20to%20controls%20%28girls%20not%20at%20familial%20high%20risk%20%5Cu2010%20HC%29.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Methods%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Forty%5Cu2010six%20%2846%29%20FHR%20girls%20%28median%20age%3A%2010.5%5Cu00a0years%2C%20range%3A%209%29%20and%2050%20HC%20girls%20%28median%20age%3A%2012%5Cu00a0years%2C%20range%3A%208%29%20completed%20a%20battery%20of%20neuropsychological%20tests%20assessing%20cognitive%20flexibility%2C%20inhibitory%20control%2C%20and%20working%20memory.%20Structural%20magnetic%20resonance%20imaging%20assessed%20grey%20matter%20volume%20%28GMV%29%20and%20cortical%20thickness%20%28CT%29.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Results%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Girls%20at%20FHR%20for%20ED%20performed%20a%20higher%20number%20of%20errors%20in%20a%20cognitive%20flexibility%20task%20compared%20to%20HC%20%28%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cu03b2%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cu00a0%3D%5Cu00a00.15%2C%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20p%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cu00a0%3C%5Cu00a00.05%29.%20They%20also%20had%20increased%20GMV%20in%20posterior%20regions%20such%20as%20the%20right%20supramarginal%20gyrus%2C%20middle%20occipital%20gyrus%2C%20and%20lingual%5C%2Ffusiform%20gyrus%20compared%20to%20HC%20%28%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20p%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cu00a0%3C%5Cu00a00.05%20cluster%5Cu2010level%20FWE%5Cu2010corrected%29%2C%20as%20well%20as%20increased%20CT%20in%20the%20left%20transverse%20pole%20%28%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20p%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cu00a0%3C%5Cu00a00.001%29%20and%20right%20posterior%20cingulate%20cortex%20%28%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20p%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cu00a0%3C%5Cu00a00.05%29.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Conclusions%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Girls%20at%20FHR%20show%20characteristic%20neurocognitive%20performance%20similar%20to%20that%20seen%20in%20individuals%20with%20ED%2C%20as%20well%20as%20differences%20in%20brain%20structure%20compared%20to%20HC.%20Our%20findings%2C%20together%20with%20previous%20evidence%2C%20highlight%20impairment%20in%20cognitive%20flexibility%20as%20a%20possible%20trait%20marker%20of%20ED.%20Further%20longitudinal%20studies%20are%20needed%20to%20confirm%20differences%20in%20GMV%20and%20CT%20identified%20in%20this%20study.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2209%5C%2F2025%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1002%5C%2Ferv.3203%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2F10.1002%5C%2Ferv.3203%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221072-4133%2C%201099-0968%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%222E6FW5HR%22%2C%22QWCYR4J9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222026-06-16T19%3A47%3A16Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22DH3WBDSP%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Michel%20and%20Br%5Cu00e9chet%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222026%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EMichel%2C%20C.%20M.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Br%26%23xE9%3Bchet%2C%20L.%20%282026%29.%20EEG%20microstates%3A%20from%20methodological%20foundations%20to%20clinical%20translation.%20%3Ci%3ETrends%20in%20Neurosciences%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20S0166223626000743.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.tins.2026.04.003%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.tins.2026.04.003%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22EEG%20microstates%3A%20from%20methodological%20foundations%20to%20clinical%20translation%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Christoph%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Michel%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lucie%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Br%5Cu00e9chet%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%225%5C%2F2026%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.tins.2026.04.003%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%5C%2Fretrieve%5C%2Fpii%5C%2FS0166223626000743%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%2201662236%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22QWCYR4J9%22%2C%22QZJCI396%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222026-05-21T14%3A03%3A37Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22HUFD5V5T%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Philippe%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222026-04-23%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EPhilippe%2C%20J.%2C%20Pato%20Montemayor%2C%20N.%2C%20Romanin%2C%20L.%2C%20Sleight%2C%20E.%2C%20Klauser%2C%20A.%2C%20Di%20Noto%2C%20T.%2C%20Bacha%2C%20L.%2C%20Mar%26%23xE9%3Bchal%2C%20B.%2C%20Herrler%2C%20J.%2C%20Liebig%2C%20P.%20A.%2C%20Heidemann%2C%20R.%20M.%2C%20Thiran%2C%20J.%2C%20Hilbert%2C%20T.%2C%20Piredda%2C%20G.%20F.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Yu%2C%20T.%20%282026%29.%20How%20Much%20Does%20Motion%20Matter%3F%20Evaluating%20the%20Motion%20Robustness%20of%20%3Cspan%20style%3D%5C%22font-variant%3Asmall-caps%3B%5C%22%3EpTx%3C%5C%2Fspan%3E%20Pulses%20at%20%3Cspan%20style%3D%5C%22font-variant%3Asmall-caps%3B%5C%22%3E7%20T%3C%5C%2Fspan%3E.%20%3Ci%3EMagnetic%20Resonance%20in%20Medicine%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20mrm.70399.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1002%5C%2Fmrm.70399%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1002%5C%2Fmrm.70399%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22How%20Much%20Does%20Motion%20Matter%3F%20Evaluating%20the%20Motion%20Robustness%20of%20%3Cspan%20style%3D%5C%22font-variant%3Asmall-caps%3B%5C%22%3EpTx%3C%5C%2Fspan%3E%20Pulses%20at%20%3Cspan%20style%3D%5C%22font-variant%3Asmall-caps%3B%5C%22%3E7%20T%3C%5C%2Fspan%3E%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jocelyn%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Philippe%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Natalia%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Pato%20Montemayor%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ludovica%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Romanin%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Emilie%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sleight%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Antoine%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Klauser%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Tommaso%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Di%20Noto%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lina%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bacha%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22B%5Cu00e9n%5Cu00e9dicte%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Mar%5Cu00e9chal%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J%5Cu00fcrgen%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Herrler%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Patrick%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Liebig%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Robin%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Heidemann%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jean%5Cu2010Philippe%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Thiran%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Tom%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hilbert%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Gian%20Franco%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Piredda%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Thomas%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Yu%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22ABSTRACT%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Purpose%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20To%20investigate%20the%20impact%20of%20head%20motion%20on%20the%20performance%20of%20subject%5Cu2010specific%20dynamic%20parallel%20transmit%20%28pTx%29%20pulses%20and%20the%20resulting%20image%20quality%20of%20structural%20neuroimaging%20sequences%20at%207%5Cu2009T.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Methods%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20B%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%200%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20and%20multichannel%20B%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%201%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%2B%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20maps%20were%20acquired%20in%2011%20healthy%20subjects%20across%2015%20head%20positions.%20For%20each%20head%20position%2C%20small%5Cu2010tip%5Cu2010angle%20k%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20T%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cu2010spoke%20pulses%20and%20scalable%20nonparametrized%20pulses%20were%20optimized%20with%20different%20field%20maps%20following%20two%20experimental%20conditions%3A%20%281%29%20No%20recalibration%20%28NR%29%3A%20maps%20acquired%20at%20the%20first%20head%20position%3B%20%282%29%20Full%20recalibration%20%28FR%29%3A%20maps%20acquired%20at%20the%20new%20head%20position.%20Flip%20angle%20%28FA%29%20maps%20were%20then%20simulated%20from%20the%20optimized%20pulses.%20Excitation%20homogeneity%20was%20assessed%20using%20the%20mean%20relative%20absolute%20error%20%28MRAE%29%20compared%20to%20the%20target%20FA.%20In%20five%20subjects%2C%20intensity%20profiles%20and%20gray%5Cu2010to%5Cu2010white%20matter%20intensity%20ratio%20were%20also%20compared%20in%20MPRAGE%20and%20SPACE%20images%20acquired%20at%20three%20different%20positions%5Cu2014with%20the%20same%20pTx%20pulse%20optimized%20on%20the%20field%20maps%20acquired%20at%20the%20first%20position.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Results%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20The%20FR%20condition%20yielded%20significantly%20lower%20median%20MRAE%20than%20the%20NR%20condition%20%28%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20p%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cu2009%3C%5Cu200910%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cu221225%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%29%20across%20all%20subjects%20for%20both%20the%20k%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20T%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cu2010spoke%20%283.55%25%5Cu2009%5Cu00b1%5Cu20090.33%25%20vs.%205.22%25%5Cu2009%5Cu00b1%5Cu20091.27%25%29%20and%20nonparametrized%20pulses%20%286.08%25%5Cu2009%5Cu00b1%5Cu20090.93%25%20vs.%207.08%25%5Cu2009%5Cu00b1%5Cu20091.47%25%29.%20A%20strong%20correlation%20%28coefficients%20between%200.88%20and%200.96%20across%20the%20whole%20brain%29%20was%20found%20between%20intensities%20in%20the%20structural%20images%20acquired%20at%20the%20same%20position%20as%20for%20the%20pulse%20optimization%20%28similar%20to%20the%20FR%20condition%29%20and%20at%20another%20position%20%28the%20NR%20condition%29.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Conclusion%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Head%20motion%20has%20a%20negative%20impact%20on%20pTx%20pulse%20homogeneity%2C%20albeit%20with%20a%20relatively%20limited%20effect%20size%20and%20minimal%20impact%20on%20image%20quality.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222026-04-23%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1002%5C%2Fmrm.70399%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2F10.1002%5C%2Fmrm.70399%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220740-3194%2C%201522-2594%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%222E6FW5HR%22%2C%22QWCYR4J9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222026-05-21T12%3A29%3A42Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22RUR2CZRL%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Pascucci%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222026%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EPascucci%2C%20A.%2C%20Forrer%2C%20S.%2C%20Sandini%2C%20C.%2C%20Mancini%2C%20V.%2C%20Alem%26%23xE1%3Bn-G%26%23xF3%3Bmez%2C%20Y.%2C%20Eliez%2C%20S.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Delavari%2C%20F.%20%282026%29.%20Developmental%20Alterations%20in%20the%20Diffusion%20Tensor%20Imaging%20Analysis%20Along%20the%20Perivascular%20Space%20Index%20Suggest%20Possible%20Glymphatic-Related%20Mechanisms%20Underlying%20Excitation%5C%2FInhibition%20Imbalance%20and%20Psychosis%20Vulnerability%20in%2022q11.2%20Deletion%20Syndrome.%20%3Ci%3EBiological%20Psychiatry%20Global%20Open%20Science%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E6%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%283%29%2C%20100713.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.bpsgos.2026.100713%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.bpsgos.2026.100713%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Developmental%20Alterations%20in%20the%20Diffusion%20Tensor%20Imaging%20Analysis%20Along%20the%20Perivascular%20Space%20Index%20Suggest%20Possible%20Glymphatic-Related%20Mechanisms%20Underlying%20Excitation%5C%2FInhibition%20Imbalance%20and%20Psychosis%20Vulnerability%20in%2022q11.2%20Deletion%20Syndrome%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Alessandro%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Pascucci%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Silas%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Forrer%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Corrado%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sandini%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Valentina%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Mancini%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Yasser%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Alem%5Cu00e1n-G%5Cu00f3mez%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Stephan%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Eliez%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Farnaz%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Delavari%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2205%5C%2F2026%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.bpsgos.2026.100713%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%5C%2Fretrieve%5C%2Fpii%5C%2FS2667174326000261%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%2226671743%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%222E6FW5HR%22%2C%22QWCYR4J9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222026-04-14T12%3A37%3A42Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22M69XM2ZS%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22lastModifiedByUser%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A14975604%2C%22username%22%3A%22robuser%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22%22%2C%22links%22%3A%7B%22alternate%22%3A%7B%22href%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.zotero.org%5C%2Frobuser%22%2C%22type%22%3A%22text%5C%2Fhtml%22%7D%7D%7D%2C%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Ribierre%20and%20Baulac%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222024%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ERibierre%2C%20T.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Baulac%2C%20S.%20%282024%29.%20Brain%20Mosaicism%20in%20Epileptogenic%20Cortical%20Malformations.%20In%20J.%20L.%20Noebels%2C%20M.%20Avoli%2C%20M.%20A.%20Rogawski%2C%20A.%20Vezzani%2C%20%26amp%3B%20A.%20V.%20Delgado-Escueta%20%28Eds.%29%2C%20%3Ci%3EJasper%26%23x2019%3Bs%20Basic%20Mechanisms%20of%20the%20Epilepsies%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%20%285th%20ed.%2C%20pp.%20861%26%23x2013%3B880%29.%20Oxford%20University%20PressNew%20York.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1093%5C%2Fmed%5C%2F9780197549469.003.0043%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1093%5C%2Fmed%5C%2F9780197549469.003.0043%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22bookSection%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Brain%20Mosaicism%20in%20Epileptogenic%20Cortical%20Malformations%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22editor%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jeffrey%20L.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Noebels%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22editor%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Massimo%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Avoli%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22editor%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Michael%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Rogawski%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22editor%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Annamaria%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Vezzani%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22editor%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Antonio%20V.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Delgado-Escueta%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Th%5Cu00e9o%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ribierre%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22St%5Cu00e9phanie%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Baulac%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Abstract%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20This%20chapter%20focuses%20on%20focal%20cortical%20dysplasia%20type%20II%20%28FCDII%29%20and%20mild%20malformation%20of%20cortical%20development%20with%20oligodendroglial%20hyperplasia%20in%20epilepsy%20%28MOGHE%29%2C%20a%20mild%20malformation%20of%20cortical%20development%2C%20for%20which%20genetic%20advances%20have%20been%20remarkable%20in%20recent%20years.%20There%20is%20now%20clear%20evidence%20that%20FCDII%20is%20caused%20by%20brain%20somatic%20mutations%20in%20genes%20belonging%20to%20the%20mTOR%20pathway%2C%20and%20that%20MOGHE%2C%20a%20mild%20malformation%20of%20cortical%20development%2C%20is%20due%20to%20somatic%20mutations%20in%20the%20SLC35A2%20gene%2C%20encoding%20the%20major%20Golgi-localized%20UDP-galactose%20transporter.%20Numerous%20rodent%20models%20using%20the%20in%20utero%20electroporation%20procedure%20have%20been%20used%20to%20model%20FCDII%20and%20recapitulate%20most%20neuropathological%20and%20clinical%20features.%20This%20chapter%20discusses%20the%20recent%20advances%20in%20using%20cerebral%20organoids%20to%20model%20neurodevelopmental%20disorders.%22%2C%22bookTitle%22%3A%22Jasper%27s%20Basic%20Mechanisms%20of%20the%20Epilepsies%22%2C%22date%22%3A%227%5C%2F2024%22%2C%22originalDate%22%3A%22%22%2C%22originalPublisher%22%3A%22%22%2C%22originalPlace%22%3A%22%22%2C%22format%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISBN%22%3A%22978-0-19-754946-9%20978-0-19-754949-0%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1093%5C%2Fmed%5C%2F9780197549469.003.0043%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Facademic.oup.com%5C%2Fbook%5C%2F57972%5C%2Fchapter%5C%2F476210328%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%228VFKVNDT%22%2C%22QWCYR4J9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222026-03-26T13%3A57%3A08Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22PKBBKB98%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Ribierre%20and%20Baulac%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222025%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ERibierre%2C%20T.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Baulac%2C%20S.%20%282025%29.%20Du%20mosa%26%23xEF%3Bcisme%20c%26%23xE9%3Br%26%23xE9%3Bbral%20aux%20crises%20d%26%23x2019%3B%26%23xE9%3Bpilepsie%3A%20Une%20nouvelle%20strat%26%23xE9%3Bgie%20th%26%23xE9%3Brapeutique%20cibl%26%23xE9%3Be.%20%3Ci%3EM%26%23xE9%3Bdecine%5C%2FSciences%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E41%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%284%29%2C%20316%26%23x2013%3B318.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1051%5C%2Fmedsci%5C%2F2025053%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1051%5C%2Fmedsci%5C%2F2025053%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Du%20mosa%5Cu00efcisme%20c%5Cu00e9r%5Cu00e9bral%20aux%20crises%20d%5Cu2019%5Cu00e9pilepsie%3A%20Une%20nouvelle%20strat%5Cu00e9gie%20th%5Cu00e9rapeutique%20cibl%5Cu00e9e%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Th%5Cu00e9o%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ribierre%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22St%5Cu00e9phanie%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Baulac%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2204%5C%2F2025%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1051%5C%2Fmedsci%5C%2F2025053%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.medecinesciences.org%5C%2F10.1051%5C%2Fmedsci%5C%2F2025053%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220767-0974%2C%201958-5381%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%228VFKVNDT%22%2C%22QWCYR4J9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222026-03-26T13%3A56%3A24Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22GRCNVPJN%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Maletic%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222026-03-06%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EMaletic%2C%20M.%2C%20Bizzotto%2C%20S.%2C%20Ribierre%2C%20T.%2C%20Guerdoud%2C%20K.%2C%20Raoux%2C%20C.%2C%20Doladilhe%2C%20M.%2C%20Dalle%2C%20C.%2C%20Picard%2C%20F.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Baulac%2C%20S.%20%282026%29.%20Mosaic%20human%20cortical%20organoids%20model%20mTOR-related%20focal%20cortical%20dysplasia%20through%20%3Ci%3EDEPDC5%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%20deletion.%20%3Ci%3EBrain%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20awag086.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1093%5C%2Fbrain%5C%2Fawag086%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1093%5C%2Fbrain%5C%2Fawag086%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Mosaic%20human%20cortical%20organoids%20model%20mTOR-related%20focal%20cortical%20dysplasia%20through%20%3Ci%3EDEPDC5%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%20deletion%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Marina%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Maletic%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Sara%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bizzotto%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Th%5Cu00e9o%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ribierre%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Kenza%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Guerdoud%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Corentin%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Raoux%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Marion%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Doladilhe%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Carine%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Dalle%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Fabienne%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Picard%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22St%5Cu00e9phanie%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Baulac%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Abstract%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Focal%20cortical%20dysplasia%20type%20II%20%28FCDII%29%2C%20a%20major%20cause%20of%20pediatric%20drug-resistant%20focal%20epilepsy%2C%20results%20from%20brain%20somatic%20variants%20in%20mTOR%20pathway%20genes%2C%20including%20germline%20and%20somatic%20second-hit%20loss-of-function%20variants%20in%20the%20mTOR%20repressor%20DEPDC5.%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Here%2C%20we%20present%20a%20proof-of-concept%20model%20of%20DEPDC5%20two-hit%20inactivation%20mosaicism%20using%20patient-derived%20human%20cortical%20organoids%20%28hCOs%29.%20Mosaic%20hCOs%20displayed%20increased%20mTOR%20activity%20that%20was%20rescued%20by%20the%20mTOR%20inhibitor%20rapamycin.%20Mosaic%20hCOs%20also%20exhibited%20dysmorphic-like%20neurons%20and%20enhanced%20neuronal%20excitability%2C%20recapitulating%20key%20FCDII%20pathology%20hallmarks.%20Single-cell%20transcriptomics%20across%20three%20developmental%20stages%20revealed%20aberrant%20differentiation%20trajectories%20leading%20to%20premature%20upper-layer%20neuron%20generation%2C%20upregulated%20Notch%20and%20Wnt%20signaling%20pathways%20in%20neural%20progenitors%2C%20and%20altered%20expression%20of%20synaptic-%20and%20epilepsy-associated%20genes%20in%20excitatory%20neurons.%20In%20addition%2C%20we%20identified%20cell-autonomous%20alterations%20in%20metabolism%20and%20translation%20in%20mosaic%20DEPDC5%20two-hit%20hCOs.%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20This%20study%20provides%20novel%20insights%20into%20how%20DEPDC5%20deficiency%20perturbs%20human%20corticogenesis%2C%20highlighting%20that%20mosaic%20biallelic%20inactivation%20of%20the%20gene%20is%20necessary%20for%20FCDII%20pathogenesis.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222026-03-06%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1093%5C%2Fbrain%5C%2Fawag086%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Facademic.oup.com%5C%2Fbrain%5C%2Fadvance-article%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2F10.1093%5C%2Fbrain%5C%2Fawag086%5C%2F8509128%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220006-8950%2C%201460-2156%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%228VFKVNDT%22%2C%22QWCYR4J9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222026-03-26T13%3A55%3A34Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22TCXG7W8G%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Oderbolz%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222026-01-20%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EOderbolz%2C%20C.%2C%20Orpella%2C%20J.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Meyer%2C%20M.%20%282026%29.%20Linguistic%20pitch%20is%20hierarchically%20encoded%20in%20the%20right%20ventral%20stream.%20%3Ci%3ECommunications%20Biology%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E9%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%281%29%2C%20267.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1038%5C%2Fs42003-026-09545-7%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1038%5C%2Fs42003-026-09545-7%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Linguistic%20pitch%20is%20hierarchically%20encoded%20in%20the%20right%20ventral%20stream%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Chantal%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Oderbolz%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Joan%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Orpella%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Martin%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Meyer%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222026-01-20%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1038%5C%2Fs42003-026-09545-7%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.nature.com%5C%2Farticles%5C%2Fs42003-026-09545-7%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222399-3642%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%222E6FW5HR%22%2C%22QWCYR4J9%22%2C%22QZJCI396%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222026-02-24T10%3A09%3A00Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%225QB4QLAR%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Hummel%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222025%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EHummel%2C%20F.%20C.%20%282025%29.%20Transcranial%20Temporal%20Interference%20Stimulation%20%28%20%3Cspan%20style%3D%5C%22font-variant%3Asmall-caps%3B%5C%22%3EtTIS%3C%5C%2Fspan%3E%20%29%3A%20Pioneering%20Non%26%23x2010%3BInvasive%20Deep%20Brain%20Neuromodulation%20for%20Movement%20Disorders%20and%20Beyond.%20%3Ci%3EMovement%20Disorders%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E40%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%286%29%2C%20993%26%23x2013%3B995.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1002%5C%2Fmds.30237%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1002%5C%2Fmds.30237%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Transcranial%20Temporal%20Interference%20Stimulation%20%28%20%3Cspan%20style%3D%5C%22font-variant%3Asmall-caps%3B%5C%22%3EtTIS%3C%5C%2Fspan%3E%20%29%3A%20Pioneering%20Non%5Cu2010Invasive%20Deep%20Brain%20Neuromodulation%20for%20Movement%20Disorders%20and%20Beyond%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Friedhelm%20C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hummel%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2206%5C%2F2025%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1002%5C%2Fmds.30237%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fmovementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2F10.1002%5C%2Fmds.30237%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220885-3185%2C%201531-8257%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22QWCYR4J9%22%2C%22QZJCI396%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222026-02-10T10%3A11%3A37Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22U3YU9Q3R%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Kinany%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222023%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EKinany%2C%20N.%2C%20Pirondini%2C%20E.%2C%20Micera%2C%20S.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Van%20De%20Ville%2C%20D.%20%282023%29.%20Spinal%20Cord%20fMRI%3A%20A%20New%20Window%20into%20the%20Central%20Nervous%20System.%20%3Ci%3EThe%20Neuroscientist%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E29%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%286%29%2C%20715%26%23x2013%3B731.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1177%5C%2F10738584221101827%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1177%5C%2F10738584221101827%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Spinal%20Cord%20fMRI%3A%20A%20New%20Window%20into%20the%20Central%20Nervous%20System%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Nawal%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kinany%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Elvira%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Pirondini%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Silvestro%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Micera%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Dimitri%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Van%20De%20Ville%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22With%20the%20brain%2C%20the%20spinal%20cord%20forms%20the%20central%20nervous%20system.%20Initially%20considered%20a%20passive%20relay%20between%20the%20brain%20and%20the%20periphery%2C%20the%20spinal%20cord%20is%20now%20recognized%20as%20being%20active%20and%20plastic.%20Yet%2C%20it%20remains%20largely%20overlooked%20by%20the%20human%20neuroscience%20community%2C%20in%20stark%20contrast%20with%20the%20wealth%20of%20research%20investigating%20the%20brain.%20In%20this%20review%2C%20we%20argue%20that%20fMRI%2C%20traditionally%20used%20to%20image%20cerebral%20function%2C%20can%20be%20extended%20beyond%20the%20brain%20to%20help%20unravel%20spinal%20mechanisms%20involved%20in%20human%20behaviors.%20To%20this%20end%2C%20we%20first%20outline%20strategies%20that%20have%20been%20proposed%20to%20tackle%20the%20challenges%20inherent%20to%20spinal%20cord%20fMRI.%20Then%2C%20we%20discuss%20how%20they%20have%20been%20utilized%20to%20provide%20insights%20into%20the%20functional%20organization%20of%20spinal%20sensorimotor%20circuits%2C%20highlighting%20their%20potential%20to%20address%20fundamental%20and%20clinical%20questions.%20By%20summarizing%20guidelines%20and%20applications%20of%20spinal%20cord%20fMRI%2C%20we%20hope%20to%20stimulate%20and%20support%20further%20research%20into%20this%20promising%20yet%20underexplored%20field.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2212%5C%2F2023%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1177%5C%2F10738584221101827%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fjournals.sagepub.com%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2F10.1177%5C%2F10738584221101827%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221073-8584%2C%201089-4098%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22QWCYR4J9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222026-02-10T09%3A53%3A44Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22TPSWNNRA%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Mammeri%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222026%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EMammeri%2C%20K.%2C%20Legendre%2C%20G.%2C%20Journal%2C%20F.%2C%20Fernandez%2C%20N.%2C%20Ruppen-Maret%2C%20H.%2C%20Combey%2C%20J.%2C%20Schwartz%2C%20S.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Sterpenich%2C%20V.%20%282026%29.%20Age%20and%20gender-related%20neurophysiological%20changes%20in%20sleep%20and%20wake%20states%20during%20childhood.%20%3Ci%3EDevelopmental%20Cognitive%20Neuroscience%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E78%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20101681.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.dcn.2026.101681%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.dcn.2026.101681%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Age%20and%20gender-related%20neurophysiological%20changes%20in%20sleep%20and%20wake%20states%20during%20childhood%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Kevin%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Mammeri%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Guillaume%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Legendre%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Fiona%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Journal%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Nathalie%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Fernandez%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Helene%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ruppen-Maret%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Joanny%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Combey%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Sophie%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Schwartz%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Virginie%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sterpenich%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2204%5C%2F2026%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.dcn.2026.101681%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%5C%2Fretrieve%5C%2Fpii%5C%2FS1878929326000137%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%2218789293%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22Q93BJK79%22%2C%22QWCYR4J9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222026-01-29T08%3A21%3A35Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22G8NDG922%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Awada%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222026%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EAwada%2C%20J.%2C%20Delavari%2C%20F.%2C%20Bolton%2C%20T.%20A.%20W.%2C%20Alouf%2C%20F.%2C%20Carruzzo%2C%20F.%2C%20Kuenzi%2C%20N.%2C%20Kaliuzhna%2C%20M.%2C%20Geffen%2C%20T.%2C%20Katthagen%2C%20T.%2C%20Schlagenhauf%2C%20F.%2C%20Van%20De%20Ville%2C%20D.%2C%20Eliez%2C%20S.%2C%20Kaiser%2C%20S.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20B%26%23xE8%3Bgue%2C%20I.%20%282026%29.%20A%20Longitudinal%20and%20Reproducible%20Anti-Coactivation%20Pattern%20Between%20the%20Cerebellum%20and%20the%20Ventral%20Tegmental%20Area%20Is%20Related%20to%20Apathy%20in%20Schizophrenia.%20%3Ci%3EBiological%20Psychiatry%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E99%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%282%29%2C%20124%26%23x2013%3B133.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.biopsych.2025.06.009%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.biopsych.2025.06.009%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22A%20Longitudinal%20and%20Reproducible%20Anti-Coactivation%20Pattern%20Between%20the%20Cerebellum%20and%20the%20Ventral%20Tegmental%20Area%20Is%20Related%20to%20Apathy%20in%20Schizophrenia%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jade%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Awada%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Farnaz%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Delavari%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Thomas%20A.W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bolton%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Fares%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Alouf%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Fabien%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Carruzzo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22No%5Cu00e9mie%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kuenzi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mariia%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kaliuzhna%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Tal%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Geffen%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Teresa%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Katthagen%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Florian%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Schlagenhauf%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Dimitri%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Van%20De%20Ville%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Stephan%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Eliez%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Stefan%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kaiser%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Indrit%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22B%5Cu00e8gue%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2201%5C%2F2026%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.biopsych.2025.06.009%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%5C%2Fretrieve%5C%2Fpii%5C%2FS0006322325012521%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%2200063223%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%222E6FW5HR%22%2C%22QWCYR4J9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-12-19T11%3A17%3A03Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%223DWAAAE5%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Raffin%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222025-11-23%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ERaffin%2C%20E.%2C%20Salamanca%26%23x2010%3BGiron%2C%20R.%20F.%2C%20Huxlin%2C%20K.%20R.%2C%20Reynaud%2C%20O.%2C%20Mattera%2C%20L.%2C%20Martuzzi%2C%20R.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Hummel%2C%20F.%20C.%20%282025%29.%20Causal%20disconnectomics%20of%20motion%20perception%20networks%3A%20insights%20from%20transcranial%20magnetic%20stimulation%26%23x2010%3Binduced%20BOLD%20responses.%20%3Ci%3EThe%20Journal%20of%20Physiology%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20JP289699.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1113%5C%2FJP289699%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1113%5C%2FJP289699%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Causal%20disconnectomics%20of%20motion%20perception%20networks%3A%20insights%20from%20transcranial%20magnetic%20stimulation%5Cu2010induced%20BOLD%20responses%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Estelle%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Raffin%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Roberto%20F.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Salamanca%5Cu2010Giron%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Krystel%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Huxlin%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Olivier%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Reynaud%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Loan%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Mattera%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Roberto%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Martuzzi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Friedhelm%20C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hummel%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Abstract%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Understanding%20how%20focal%20perturbations%20trigger%20large%5Cu2010scale%20network%20reorganization%20is%20essential%20for%20uncovering%20the%20neural%20mechanisms%20that%20support%20perception%20and%20behaviour.%20Here%20we%20used%20a%20transcranial%20magnetic%20stimulation%20%28TMS%29%20perturbational%20approach%20by%20applying%20brief%2010%20Hz%20TMS%20to%20early%20visual%20areas%20%28EVAs%29%20or%20the%20medio%5Cu2010temporal%20%28MT%29%20area%20in%20healthy%20participants%20while%20recording%20concurrent%20functional%20magnetic%20resonance%20imaging%20%28fMRI%29.%20TMS%20delivered%20during%20the%20early%20stages%20of%20motion%20processing%20specifically%20impaired%20direction%20discrimination%20at%20both%20sites%2C%20whereas%20disruption%20of%20the%20later%20processing%20phase%20impaired%20performances%20only%20for%20the%20MT%20condition.%20Despite%20a%20similar%20local%20increase%20in%20BOLD%20activity%20induced%20by%20EVA%20and%20MT%20stimulation%2C%20the%20broader%20network%20responses%20diverged%20significantly.%20Perturbation%20of%20EVA%20elicited%20a%20more%20robust%20and%20efficient%20pattern%20of%20functional%20reorganization%2C%20manifesting%20as%20more%20constrained%20BOLD%20changes%2C%20consistent%20with%20greater%20resilience%20to%20focal%20disruption.%20In%20contrast%20behavioural%20impairments%20induced%20by%20MT%20stimulation%20were%20accompanied%20by%20a%20disorganized%20and%20less%5Cu2010efficient%20network%20configuration%2C%20characterized%20by%20smaller%20small%5Cu2010world%20properties%20and%20longer%20path%20lengths.%20The%20decrease%20in%20performances%20induced%20by%20MT%20stimulation%20scaled%20with%20lower%20clustering%20coefficients%2C%20implying%20a%20more%20random%20or%20decentralized%20network%20structure.%20These%20findings%20demonstrate%20that%20TMS%5Cu2010fMRI%20coupling%20provides%20a%20powerful%20framework%20for%20causally%20mapping%20the%20relationships%20between%20local%20neural%20perturbations%2C%20large%5Cu2010scale%20network%20dynamics%20and%20behavioural%20performance.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20image%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Key%20points%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Transcranial%20magnetic%20stimulation%20%28TMS%29%5Cu2010induced%20perturbation%20of%20the%20early%20visual%20areas%20%28EVAs%29%20or%20the%20medio%5Cu2010temporal%20%28MT%29%20area%20selectively%20impairs%20motion%20direction%20discrimination.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20The%20TMS%20perturbation%20is%20associated%20with%20a%20context%5Cu2010dependent%20local%20upscaling%20of%20blood%5Cu2010oxygen%5Cu2010level%20dependent%20%28BOLD%29%20activity%20in%20both%20areas.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20The%20two%20visual%20areas%20exhibit%20distinct%20topological%20networks%5Cu2019%20adaptation%20in%20response%20to%20TMS%2C%20reflecting%20different%20levels%20of%20network%20resilience%20to%20a%20focal%20lesion.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20TMS%5Cu2013functional%20magnetic%20resonance%20imaging%20%28fMRI%29%20coupling%20can%20be%20used%20to%20assess%20%5Cu2018causal%20disconnectomics%5Cu2019%20and%20to%20precisely%20map%20how%20a%20local%20perturbation%20propagates%20to%20large%5Cu2010scale%20behavioural%20deficits.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222025-11-23%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1113%5C%2FJP289699%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fphysoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2F10.1113%5C%2FJP289699%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220022-3751%2C%201469-7793%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%222E6FW5HR%22%2C%22QWCYR4J9%22%2C%22QZJCI396%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-11-24T07%3A50%3A06Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22BQYDUZ2R%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22lastModifiedByUser%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A14975604%2C%22username%22%3A%22robuser%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22%22%2C%22links%22%3A%7B%22alternate%22%3A%7B%22href%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.zotero.org%5C%2Frobuser%22%2C%22type%22%3A%22text%5C%2Fhtml%22%7D%7D%7D%2C%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Raffin%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222025-11-17%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ERaffin%2C%20E.%2C%20Bevilacqua%2C%20M.%2C%20Windel%2C%20F.%2C%20Menoud%2C%20P.%2C%20Salamanca-Giron%2C%20R.%20F.%2C%20Feroldi%2C%20S.%2C%20Zandvliet%2C%20S.%20B.%2C%20Ramdass%2C%20N.%2C%20Draaisma%2C%20L.%2C%20Vuilleumier%2C%20P.%2C%20Guggisberg%2C%20A.%20G.%2C%20Bonvin%2C%20C.%2C%20Fleury%2C%20L.%2C%20Huxlin%2C%20K.%20R.%2C%20Beanato%2C%20E.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Hummel%2C%20F.%20C.%20%282025%29.%20Boosting%20hemianopia%20recovery%3A%20the%20power%20of%20interareal%20cross-frequency%20brain%20stimulation.%20%3Ci%3EBrain%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20awaf252.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1093%5C%2Fbrain%5C%2Fawaf252%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1093%5C%2Fbrain%5C%2Fawaf252%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Boosting%20hemianopia%20recovery%3A%20the%20power%20of%20interareal%20cross-frequency%20brain%20stimulation%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Estelle%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Raffin%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Michele%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bevilacqua%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Fabienne%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Windel%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Pauline%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Menoud%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Roberto%20F%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Salamanca-Giron%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Sarah%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Feroldi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Sarah%20B%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Zandvliet%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Nicola%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ramdass%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Laurijn%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Draaisma%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Patrik%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Vuilleumier%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Adrian%20G%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Guggisberg%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Christophe%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bonvin%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lisa%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Fleury%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Krystel%20R%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Huxlin%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Elena%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Beanato%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Friedhelm%20C%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hummel%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Abstract%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Visual%20field%20loss%20is%20a%20common%20consequence%20of%20stroke%20and%20manifests%20in%20approximatively%20one-third%20of%20patients%20in%20the%20chronic%20stage.%20Such%20loss%20can%20significantly%20impact%20daily%20life%20activities%2C%20compromising%20tasks%20such%20as%20reading%2C%20navigating%20or%20driving.%20Although%20slow%20and%20labour%20intensive%2C%20evidence%20suggests%20that%20early%20interventions%20with%20tailored%20rehabilitation%20programmes%20might%20stimulate%20visual%20recovery%20and%20improve%20quality%20of%20life%20in%20stroke%20survivors.%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20To%20enhance%20the%20effects%20of%20such%20rehabilitation%20programmes%2C%20we%20designed%20a%20novel%2C%20non-invasive%2C%20pathway-specific%2C%20physiology-inspired%20cross-frequency%20brain%20stimulation%20protocol%2C%20where%20complex%20oscillatory%20signal%20integration%20was%20inferred%20from%20phase%5Cu2013amplitude%20coupling%20of%20oscillatory%20signals%20between%20the%20primary%20visual%20cortex%20and%20the%20motion-sensitive%20medio-temporal%20area.%20Sixteen%20stroke%20patients%20were%20enrolled%20in%20a%20double-blind%2C%20randomized%2C%20cross-over%20trial%2C%20during%20which%20they%20performed%20two%20blocks%20of%2010%20daily%20training%20sessions%20of%20a%20direction%20discrimination%20task%2C%20combined%20with%20one%20of%20the%20two%20cross-frequency%20transcranial%20alternative%20brain%20stimulation%20%28cf-tACS%20versus%20control%20cf-tACS%29%20conditions.%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20We%20found%20that%20the%20cf-tACS%20condition%20promoting%20feedforward%20visual%20inputs%20to%20the%20medio-temporal%20area%20significantly%20enhanced%20motion%20discrimination%20performance%20and%20shifted%20visual%20field%20borders%20%28i.e.%20through%20localized%20enlargement%20of%20isopters%29.%20Behavioural%20improvements%20associated%20with%20a%20change%20in%20oscillatory%20activity%20within%20motion%20processing%20pathways%20were%20proportional%20to%20the%20amount%20of%20residual%20structural%20fibres%20along%20these%20pathways%20and%20perilesional%20primary%20visual%20cortex%20activity.%20In%20sum%2C%20we%20report%2C%20for%20the%20first%20time%2C%20that%20cf-tACS%2C%20a%20novel%2C%20pathway-specific%2C%20physiology-inspired%20brain%20stimulation%20approach%2C%20is%20able%20to%20boost%20the%20efficacy%20of%20perceptual%20training%2C%20restoring%20visual%20motion%20processing%20and%20reducing%20the%20severity%20of%20visual%20impairments%20in%20adult%20stroke%20patients.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222025-11-17%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1093%5C%2Fbrain%5C%2Fawaf252%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Facademic.oup.com%5C%2Fbrain%5C%2Fadvance-article%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2F10.1093%5C%2Fbrain%5C%2Fawaf252%5C%2F8322719%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220006-8950%2C%201460-2156%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%222E6FW5HR%22%2C%22QWCYR4J9%22%2C%22QZJCI396%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-11-17T10%3A03%3A16Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%227JLKX2HC%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22lastModifiedByUser%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A14975604%2C%22username%22%3A%22robuser%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22%22%2C%22links%22%3A%7B%22alternate%22%3A%7B%22href%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.zotero.org%5C%2Frobuser%22%2C%22type%22%3A%22text%5C%2Fhtml%22%7D%7D%7D%2C%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Xiao%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222025-07-18%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EXiao%2C%20Y.%2C%20Kaiser%2C%20A.%2C%20Kockisch%2C%20M.%2C%20Back%2C%20A.%2C%20Carlet%2C%20R.%2C%20Liu%2C%20X.%2C%20Huang%2C%20Z.%2C%20D%26%23xF6%3Bring%2C%20A.%2C%20Widmaier%2C%20M.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Xin%2C%20L.%20%282025%29.%20A%20graphical%20pipeline%20platform%20for%20MRS%20data%20processing%20and%20analysis%3A%20MRSpecLAB.%20%3Ci%3EFrontiers%20in%20Neuroimaging%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E4%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%201610658.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.3389%5C%2Ffnimg.2025.1610658%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.3389%5C%2Ffnimg.2025.1610658%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22A%20graphical%20pipeline%20platform%20for%20MRS%20data%20processing%20and%20analysis%3A%20MRSpecLAB%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ying%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Xiao%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Antonia%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kaiser%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Matthias%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kockisch%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Alex%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Back%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Robin%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Carlet%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Xinyu%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Liu%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Zhiwei%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Huang%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Andr%5Cu00e9%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22D%5Cu00f6ring%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mark%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Widmaier%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lijing%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Xin%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Magnetic%20resonance%20spectroscopy%20%28MRS%29%20and%20magnetic%20resonance%20spectroscopic%20imaging%20%28MRSI%29%2C%20are%20non-invasive%20techniques%20used%20to%20quantify%20biochemical%20compounds%20in%20tissue%2C%20such%20as%20choline%2C%20creatine%2C%20glutamate%2C%20glutamine%2C%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cu03b3%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20-aminobutyric%20acid%2C%20N-acetylaspartate%2C%20etc.%20However%2C%20reliable%20quantification%20of%20MRS%20and%20MRSI%20data%20is%20challenging%20due%20to%20the%20complex%20processing%20steps%20involved%2C%20often%20requiring%20advanced%20expertise.%20Existing%20data%20processing%20software%20solutions%20often%20demand%20MRS%20expertise%20or%20coding%20knowledge%2C%20presenting%20a%20steep%20learning%20curve%20for%20novel%20users.%20Mastering%20these%20tools%20typically%20requires%20a%20long%20training%20time%2C%20which%20can%20be%20a%20barrier%20for%20users%20with%20limited%20technical%20backgrounds.%20To%20address%20these%20challenges%20and%20create%20a%20tool%20that%20serves%20researchers%20using%20MRS%5C%2FMRSI%20with%20a%20broad%20range%20of%20backgrounds%2C%20we%20developed%20MRSpecLAB%5Cu2014an%20open-access%2C%20user-friendly%20software%20platform%20for%20MRS%20and%20MRSI%20data%20analysis.%20MRSpecLAB%20is%20designed%20for%20easy%20installation%20and%20features%20an%20intuitive%20graphical%20pipeline%20editor%20that%20supports%20both%20predefined%20and%20customizable%20workflows.%20It%20also%20serves%20as%20a%20platform%20offering%20standardized%20pipelines%20while%20allowing%20users%20to%20integrate%20in-house%20functions%20for%20additional%20flexibility.%20Importantly%2C%20MRSpecLAB%20is%20envisioned%20as%20an%20open%20platform%20beyond%20the%20MRS%20community%2C%20bridging%20the%20gap%20between%20technical%20experts%20and%20practitioners.%20It%20facilitates%20contributions%2C%20collaboration%2C%20and%20the%20sharing%20of%20data%20workflows%20and%20processing%20methodologies%20for%20diverse%20MRS%5C%2FMRSI%20applications%2C%20supporting%20reproducibility%20practices.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222025-7-18%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.3389%5C%2Ffnimg.2025.1610658%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.frontiersin.org%5C%2Farticles%5C%2F10.3389%5C%2Ffnimg.2025.1610658%5C%2Ffull%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222813-1193%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%222E6FW5HR%22%2C%22QWCYR4J9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-11-11T10%3A35%3A13Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22SA4XDWU5%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Ros%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222025-10-07%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ERos%2C%20T.%2C%20F%26%23xE9%3Brat%2C%20V.%2C%20Huang%2C%20Y.%2C%20Colangelo%2C%20C.%2C%20Kia%2C%20S.%20M.%2C%20Wolfers%2C%20T.%2C%20Vulliemoz%2C%20S.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Michela%2C%20A.%20%282025%29.%20%3Ci%3EReturn%20of%20the%20GEDAI%3A%20Unsupervised%20EEG%20Denoising%20based%20on%20Leadfield%20Filtering%3C%5C%2Fi%3E.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1101%5C%2F2025.10.04.680449%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1101%5C%2F2025.10.04.680449%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22preprint%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Return%20of%20the%20GEDAI%3A%20Unsupervised%20EEG%20Denoising%20based%20on%20Leadfield%20Filtering%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Tomas%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ros%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Victor%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22F%5Cu00e9rat%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Yingqi%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Huang%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Cristina%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Colangelo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Seyed%20Mostafa%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kia%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Thomas%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Wolfers%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Serge%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Vulliemoz%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Abele%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Michela%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Abstract%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Current%20electroencephalogram%20%28EEG%29%20denoising%20methods%20struggle%20to%20remove%20the%20complex%20physiological%20and%20environmental%20artifacts%20typical%20of%20real-world%20settings%2C%20which%20both%20hinders%20the%20isolation%20of%20true%20neural%20activity%20and%20limits%20the%20technology%5Cu2019s%20translational%20potential.%20We%20present%20the%20Generalized%20Eigenvalue%20De-Artifacting%20Instrument%20%28GEDAI%29%2C%20a%20novel%20algorithm%20for%20denoising%20highly%20contaminated%20EEG.%20GEDAI%20employs%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20leadfield%20filtering%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20to%20selectively%20remove%20noise%20and%20artifacts%20that%20diverge%20from%20a%20theoretically%20defined%20EEG%20forward%20model.%20This%20approach%20offers%20unique%20advantages%20over%20existing%20solutions%2C%20including%201%29%20denoising%20of%20highly%20corrupt%20recordings%20without%20%5Cu201cclean%5Cu201d%20reference%20data%2C%202%29%20single-step%20correction%20of%20artifactual%20epochs%20and%20bad%20channels%2C%203%29%20unsupervised%20detection%20of%20brain%20and%20noise%20components%20based%20on%20the%20signal%20and%20noise%20subspace%20alignment%20index%20%28SENSAI%29.%20In%20ground-truth%20simulations%20with%20synthetic%20and%20empirical%20EEG%20contaminated%20with%20realistic%20artifacts%20%28EOG%2C%20EMG%2C%20noise%29%2C%20GEDAI%20globally%20outperformed%20leading%20denoising%20techniques%20based%20on%20principal%20component%20analysis%20%28ASR%29%20and%20independent%20component%20analysis%20%28IClabel%2C%20MARA%29%2C%20revealing%20large%20effect%20sizes%20in%20challenging%20scenarios%20with%20simultaneous%20artifact%20mixtures%2C%20low%20signal-to-noise%20ratio%20%28-9%20dB%29%2C%20and%20high%20temporal%20contamination%20%28up%20to%20100%25%29.%20Its%20superior%20denoising%20also%20enhanced%20neurobehavioral%20predictions%2C%20yielding%20highest%20accuracies%20in%20ERP%20classification%20and%20brain%20fingerprinting.%20GEDAI%5Cu2019s%20autonomy%2C%20computational%20speed%20and%20noise-resilience%20could%20find%20future%20applications%20in%201%29%20real-%20world%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20medical%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%2C%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20mobile%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20and%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20dry%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20electrode%20EEG%20recordings%202%29%20magnetoenecephalography%20%28MEG%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%29%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20denoising%20%28given%20the%20shared%20M%5C%2FEEG%20forward%20model%29%2C%20and%203%29%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20real-time%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20brain-computer%20interfaces%20%28BCIs%29.%20The%20Matlab%20code%20for%20GEDAI%20is%20available%20as%20an%20open-source%20EEGLAB%20plugin%20at%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fgithub.com%5C%2Fneurotuning%5C%2FGEDAI-master%22%2C%22genre%22%3A%22%22%2C%22repository%22%3A%22%22%2C%22archiveID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222025-10-07%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1101%5C%2F2025.10.04.680449%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fbiorxiv.org%5C%2Flookup%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2F10.1101%5C%2F2025.10.04.680449%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22QWCYR4J9%22%2C%22QZJCI396%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-11-04T12%3A36%3A53Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22DAN4XGQA%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Reich%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222025%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EReich%2C%20N.%2C%20Imparato%2C%20A.%2C%20Cataldi%2C%20J.%2C%20Thillainathan%2C%20N.%2C%20Delavari%2C%20F.%2C%20Schneider%2C%20M.%2C%20Eliez%2C%20S.%2C%20Siclari%2C%20F.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Sandini%2C%20C.%20%282025%29.%20Multivariate%20deep%20phenotyping%20reveals%20behavioral%20correlates%20of%20non-restorative%20sleep%20in%2022q11.2%20deletion%20syndrome.%20%3Ci%3EPsychiatry%20Research%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E347%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20116423.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.psychres.2025.116423%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.psychres.2025.116423%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Multivariate%20deep%20phenotyping%20reveals%20behavioral%20correlates%20of%20non-restorative%20sleep%20in%2022q11.2%20deletion%20syndrome%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Natacha%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Reich%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Andrea%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Imparato%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jacinthe%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Cataldi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Niveettha%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Thillainathan%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Farnaz%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Delavari%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Maude%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Schneider%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Stephan%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Eliez%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Francesca%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Siclari%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Corrado%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sandini%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2205%5C%2F2025%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.psychres.2025.116423%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%5C%2Fretrieve%5C%2Fpii%5C%2FS0165178125000721%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%2201651781%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22Q93BJK79%22%2C%22QWCYR4J9%22%2C%22QZJCI396%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-10-24T13%3A11%3A43Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22DE9VH55C%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Balboni%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222025-08-01%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EBalboni%2C%20I.%2C%20Rampinini%2C%20A.%2C%20Kepinska%2C%20O.%2C%20Berthele%2C%20R.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Golestani%2C%20N.%20%282025%29.%20Brain%20activation%20for%20language%20and%20its%20relationship%20to%20cognitive%20and%20linguistic%20measures.%20%3Ci%3ECerebral%20Cortex%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E35%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%288%29%2C%20bhaf231.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1093%5C%2Fcercor%5C%2Fbhaf231%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1093%5C%2Fcercor%5C%2Fbhaf231%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Brain%20activation%20for%20language%20and%20its%20relationship%20to%20cognitive%20and%20linguistic%20measures%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Irene%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Balboni%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Alessandra%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Rampinini%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Olga%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kepinska%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Raphael%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Berthele%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Narly%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Golestani%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Abstract%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Language%20learning%20and%20use%20relies%20on%20domain-specific%2C%20domain-general%20cognitive%20and%20sensory-motor%20functions.%20Using%20fMRI%20during%20story%20listening%20and%20behavioral%20tests%2C%20we%20investigated%20brain-behavior%20associations%20between%20linguistic%20and%20non-linguistic%20measures%20in%20individuals%20with%20varied%20multilingual%20experience%20and%20reading%20skills%2C%20including%20typical%20reading%20participants%20%28TRs%29%20and%20dyslexic%20readers%20%28DRs%29.%20Partial%20Least%20Square%20Correlation%20revealed%20a%20main%20component%20linking%20cognitive%2C%20linguistic%2C%20and%20phonological%20measures%20to%20amodal%5C%2Fassociative%20brain%20areas.%20A%20second%20analysis%20only%20in%20TRs%20revealed%20a%20stronger%20association%20between%20cognitive%2C%20linguistic%2C%20literacy%20and%20phonological%20skills%20within%20the%20same%20brain%20network%20as%20in%20the%20full%20sample%2C%20suggesting%20better%20speech-print%20convergence%20in%20TRs.%20In%20this%20sample%2C%20an%20additional%20component%20involving%20speed%2C%20automatization%2C%20and%20lexical%20access%20was%20associated%20with%20less%20involvement%20in%20unimodal%2C%20lower-level%20auditory%2C%20and%20motor%20brain%20areas.%20The%20complementarity%20between%20the%20two%20components%20likely%20reflects%20TRs%5Cu2019%20reduced%20reliance%20on%20lower-level%20sensorimotor%20regions%20and%20greater%20engagement%20of%20higher-level%20cortices%20and%20skills.%20Overall%2C%20our%20work%20suggests%20convergence%20between%20behavioral%20measures%20of%20linguistic%2C%20domain-general%20cognitive%20and%20domain-specific%20non-linguistic%20skill%2C%20and%20between%20these%20behavioral%20measures%20and%20neural%20processing%20of%20language.%20This%20convergence%20is%20greater%20in%20TRs%2C%20suggesting%20more%20integrated%20processing%20in%20this%20group.%20Our%20work%20advocates%20a%20comprehensive%2C%20multimodal%20approach%20to%20understanding%20individual%20differences%20in%20language%20abilities%20and%20experience.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222025-08-01%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1093%5C%2Fcercor%5C%2Fbhaf231%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Facademic.oup.com%5C%2Fcercor%5C%2Farticle%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2F10.1093%5C%2Fcercor%5C%2Fbhaf231%5C%2F8250007%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221047-3211%2C%201460-2199%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%222E6FW5HR%22%2C%22QWCYR4J9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-10-24T12%3A57%3A20Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22C5TMSJXV%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Pievani%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222024%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EPievani%2C%20M.%2C%20Ribaldi%2C%20F.%2C%20Toussas%2C%20K.%2C%20Da%20Costa%2C%20S.%2C%20Jorge%2C%20J.%2C%20Reynaud%2C%20O.%2C%20Chicherio%2C%20C.%2C%20Blouin%2C%20J.%20L.%2C%20Scheffler%2C%20M.%2C%20Garibotto%2C%20V.%2C%20Jovicich%2C%20J.%2C%20Jelescu%2C%20I.%20O.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Frisoni%2C%20G.%20B.%20%282024%29.%20Resting-state%20functional%20connectivity%20abnormalities%20in%20subjective%20cognitive%20decline%3A%20A%207T%20MRI%20study.%20%3Ci%3ENeurobiology%20of%20Aging%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E144%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20104%26%23x2013%3B113.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.neurobiolaging.2024.09.007%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.neurobiolaging.2024.09.007%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Resting-state%20functional%20connectivity%20abnormalities%20in%20subjective%20cognitive%20decline%3A%20A%207T%20MRI%20study%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Pievani%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22F.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ribaldi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22K.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Toussas%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Da%20Costa%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jorge%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22O.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Reynaud%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Chicherio%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.L.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Blouin%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Scheffler%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22V.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Garibotto%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jovicich%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22I.O.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jelescu%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22G.B.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Frisoni%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2212%5C%2F2024%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.neurobiolaging.2024.09.007%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%5C%2Fretrieve%5C%2Fpii%5C%2FS0197458024001623%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%2201974580%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22QWCYR4J9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-10-24T12%3A54%3A37Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%229HSCSWER%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Contestabile%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222025%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EContestabile%2C%20A.%2C%20Kojovic%2C%20N.%2C%20Casarotto%2C%20G.%2C%20Delavari%2C%20F.%2C%20Hagmann%2C%20P.%2C%20Schaer%2C%20M.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Bellone%2C%20C.%20%282025%29.%20Translational%20research%20approach%20to%20social%20orienting%20deficits%20in%20autism%3A%20the%20role%20of%20superior%20colliculus-ventral%20tegmental%20pathway.%20%3Ci%3EMolecular%20Psychiatry%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E30%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%288%29%2C%203729%26%23x2013%3B3739.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1038%5C%2Fs41380-025-02962-w%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1038%5C%2Fs41380-025-02962-w%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Translational%20research%20approach%20to%20social%20orienting%20deficits%20in%20autism%3A%20the%20role%20of%20superior%20colliculus-ventral%20tegmental%20pathway%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Alessandro%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Contestabile%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Nada%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kojovic%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Giulia%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Casarotto%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Farnaz%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Delavari%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Patric%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hagmann%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Marie%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Schaer%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Camilla%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bellone%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Abstract%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Autism%20Spectrum%20Disorder%20%28ASD%29%20is%20characterized%20by%20impairments%20in%20social%20interaction%20and%20repetitive%20behaviors.%20A%20key%20characteristic%20of%20ASD%20is%20a%20decreased%20interest%20in%20social%20interactions%2C%20which%20affects%20individuals%5Cu2019%20ability%20to%20engage%20with%20their%20social%20environment.%20This%20study%20explores%20the%20neurobiological%20basis%20of%20these%20social%20deficits%2C%20focusing%20on%20the%20pathway%20between%20the%20Superior%20Colliculus%20%28SC%29%20and%20the%20Ventral%20Tegmental%20Area%20%28VTA%29.%20Adopting%20a%20translational%20approach%2C%20our%20research%20used%20Shank3%20knockout%20mice%20%28%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Shank3%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cu2212%5C%2F%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cu2212%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%29%2C%20which%20parallel%20a%20clinical%20cohort%20of%20young%20children%20with%20ASD%2C%20to%20investigate%20these%20mechanisms.%20We%20observed%20consistent%20deficits%20in%20social%20orienting%20across%20species.%20In%20children%20with%20ASD%2C%20fMRI%20analyses%20revealed%20a%20significant%20decrease%20in%20connectivity%20between%20the%20SC%20and%20VTA.%20Additionally%2C%20using%20miniscopes%20in%20mice%2C%20we%20identified%20a%20reduction%20in%20the%20frequency%20of%20calcium%20transients%20in%20SC%20neurons%20projecting%20to%20the%20VTA%2C%20accompanied%20by%20changes%20in%20neuronal%20correlation%20and%20intrinsic%20cellular%20properties.%20Notably%2C%20the%20interneuronal%20correlation%20in%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Shank3%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cu2212%5C%2F%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cu2212%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20mice%20and%20the%20functional%20connectivity%20of%20the%20SC%20to%20VTA%20pathway%20in%20children%20with%20ASD%20correlated%20with%20the%20severity%20of%20social%20deficits.%20Our%20findings%20underscore%20the%20potential%20of%20the%20SC-VTA%20pathway%20as%20a%20biomarker%20for%20ASD%20and%20open%20new%20avenues%20for%20therapeutic%20interventions%2C%20highlighting%20the%20importance%20of%20early%20detection%20and%20targeted%20treatment%20strategies.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2208%5C%2F2025%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1038%5C%2Fs41380-025-02962-w%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.nature.com%5C%2Farticles%5C%2Fs41380-025-02962-w%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221359-4184%2C%201476-5578%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%222E6FW5HR%22%2C%22QWCYR4J9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-10-24T12%3A43%3A09Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%222BCSJWGN%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Gomez%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222023-08-01%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EGomez%2C%20L.%2C%20Cadilhac%2C%20C.%2C%20Prados%2C%20J.%2C%20Mule%2C%20N.%2C%20Jabaudon%2C%20D.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Dayer%2C%20A.%20%282023%29.%20Developmental%20emergence%20of%20cortical%20neurogliaform%20cell%20diversity.%20%3Ci%3EDevelopment%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E150%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2815%29%2C%20dev201830.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1242%5C%2Fdev.201830%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1242%5C%2Fdev.201830%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Developmental%20emergence%20of%20cortical%20neurogliaform%20cell%20diversity%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lucia%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gomez%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Christelle%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Cadilhac%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Julien%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Prados%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Nandkishor%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Mule%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Denis%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jabaudon%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Alexandre%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Dayer%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22ABSTRACT%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20GABAergic%20interneurons%20are%20key%20regulators%20of%20cortical%20circuit%20function.%20Among%20the%20dozens%20of%20reported%20transcriptionally%20distinct%20subtypes%20of%20cortical%20interneurons%2C%20neurogliaform%20cells%20%28NGCs%29%20are%20unique%3A%20they%20are%20recruited%20by%20long-range%20excitatory%20inputs%2C%20are%20a%20source%20of%20slow%20cortical%20inhibition%20and%20are%20able%20to%20modulate%20the%20activity%20of%20large%20neuronal%20populations.%20Despite%20their%20functional%20relevance%2C%20the%20developmental%20emergence%20and%20diversity%20of%20NGCs%20remains%20unclear.%20Here%2C%20by%20combining%20single-cell%20transcriptomics%2C%20genetic%20fate%20mapping%2C%20and%20electrophysiological%20and%20morphological%20characterization%2C%20we%20reveal%20that%20discrete%20molecular%20subtypes%20of%20NGCs%2C%20with%20distinctive%20anatomical%20and%20molecular%20profiles%2C%20populate%20the%20mouse%20neocortex.%20Furthermore%2C%20we%20show%20that%20NGC%20subtypes%20emerge%20gradually%20through%20development%2C%20as%20incipient%20discriminant%20molecular%20signatures%20are%20apparent%20in%20preoptic%20area%20%28POA%29-born%20NGC%20precursors.%20By%20identifying%20NGC%20developmentally%20conserved%20transcriptional%20programs%2C%20we%20report%20that%20the%20transcription%20factor%20Tox2%20constitutes%20an%20identity%20hallmark%20across%20NGC%20subtypes.%20Using%20CRISPR-Cas9-mediated%20genetic%20loss%20of%20function%2C%20we%20show%20that%20Tox2%20is%20essential%20for%20NGC%20development%3A%20POA-born%20cells%20lacking%20Tox2%20fail%20to%20differentiate%20into%20NGCs.%20Together%2C%20these%20results%20reveal%20that%20NGCs%20are%20born%20from%20a%20spatially%20restricted%20pool%20of%20Tox2%2B%20POA%20precursors%2C%20after%20which%20intra-type%20diverging%20molecular%20programs%20are%20gradually%20acquired%20post-mitotically%20and%20result%20in%20functionally%20and%20molecularly%20discrete%20NGC%20cortical%20subtypes.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222023-08-01%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1242%5C%2Fdev.201830%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fjournals.biologists.com%5C%2Fdev%5C%2Farticle%5C%2F150%5C%2F15%5C%2Fdev201830%5C%2F325743%5C%2FDevelopmental-emergence-of-cortical-neurogliaform%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220950-1991%2C%201477-9129%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%228VFKVNDT%22%2C%22QWCYR4J9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-10-24T12%3A31%3A44Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%225XYSZGYS%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Abe%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222024-10-17%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EAbe%2C%20P.%2C%20Lavalley%2C%20A.%2C%20Morassut%2C%20I.%2C%20Santinha%2C%20A.%20J.%2C%20Roig-Puiggros%2C%20S.%2C%20Javed%2C%20A.%2C%20Klingler%2C%20E.%2C%20Baumann%2C%20N.%2C%20Prados%2C%20J.%2C%20Platt%2C%20R.%20J.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Jabaudon%2C%20D.%20%282024%29.%20Molecular%20programs%20guiding%20arealization%20of%20descending%20cortical%20pathways.%20%3Ci%3ENature%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E634%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%288034%29%2C%20644%26%23x2013%3B651.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1038%5C%2Fs41586-024-07895-y%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1038%5C%2Fs41586-024-07895-y%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Molecular%20programs%20guiding%20arealization%20of%20descending%20cortical%20pathways%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Philipp%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Abe%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Adrien%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lavalley%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ilaria%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Morassut%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Antonio%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Santinha%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Sergi%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Roig-Puiggros%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Awais%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Javed%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Esther%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Klingler%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Natalia%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Baumann%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Julien%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Prados%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Randall%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Platt%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Denis%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jabaudon%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222024-10-17%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1038%5C%2Fs41586-024-07895-y%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.nature.com%5C%2Farticles%5C%2Fs41586-024-07895-y%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220028-0836%2C%201476-4687%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%228VFKVNDT%22%2C%22QWCYR4J9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-10-24T12%3A30%3A10Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22TKN8UU7S%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Lo%20Giudice%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222024-09-15%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ELo%20Giudice%2C%20Q.%2C%20Wagener%2C%20R.%20J.%2C%20Abe%2C%20P.%2C%20Frangeul%2C%20L.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Jabaudon%2C%20D.%20%282024%29.%20Developmental%20emergence%20of%20first-%20and%20higher-order%20thalamic%20neuron%20molecular%20identities.%20%3Ci%3EDevelopment%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E151%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2818%29%2C%20dev202764.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1242%5C%2Fdev.202764%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1242%5C%2Fdev.202764%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Developmental%20emergence%20of%20first-%20and%20higher-order%20thalamic%20neuron%20molecular%20identities%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Quentin%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lo%20Giudice%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Robin%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Wagener%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Philipp%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Abe%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Laura%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Frangeul%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Denis%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jabaudon%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22ABSTRACT%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20The%20thalamus%20is%20organized%20into%20nuclei%20that%20have%20distinct%20input%20and%20output%20connectivities%20with%20the%20cortex.%20Whereas%20first-order%20%28FO%29%20nuclei%20%5Cu2013%20also%20called%20core%20nuclei%20%5Cu2013%20relay%20input%20from%20sensory%20organs%20on%20the%20body%20surface%20and%20project%20to%20primary%20cortical%20sensory%20areas%2C%20higher-order%20%28HO%29%20nuclei%20%5Cu2013%20matrix%20nuclei%20%5Cu2013%20instead%20receive%20their%20driver%20input%20from%20the%20cortex%20and%20project%20to%20secondary%20and%20associative%20areas%20within%20cortico-thalamo-cortical%20loops.%20Input-dependent%20processes%20have%20been%20shown%20to%20play%20a%20crucial%20role%20in%20the%20emergence%20of%20FO%20thalamic%20neuron%20identity%20from%20a%20ground-state%20HO%20neuron%20identity%2C%20yet%20how%20this%20identity%20emerges%20during%20development%20remains%20unknown.%20Here%2C%20using%20single-cell%20RNA%20sequencing%20of%20the%20developing%20mouse%20embryonic%20thalamus%2C%20we%20show%20that%2C%20although%20they%20are%20born%20together%2C%20HO%20neurons%20start%20differentiating%20earlier%20than%20FO%20neurons.%20Within%20the%20FO%20visual%20thalamus%2C%20postnatal%20peripheral%20input%20is%20crucial%20for%20the%20maturation%20of%20excitatory%2C%20but%20not%20inhibitory%2C%20neurons.%20Our%20findings%20reveal%20different%20differentiation%20tempos%20and%20input%20sensitivities%20of%20HO%20and%20FO%20neurons%2C%20and%20highlight%20neuron%20type-specific%20molecular%20differentiation%20programs%20in%20the%20developing%20thalamus.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222024-09-15%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1242%5C%2Fdev.202764%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fjournals.biologists.com%5C%2Fdev%5C%2Farticle%5C%2F151%5C%2F18%5C%2Fdev202764%5C%2F362186%5C%2FDevelopmental-emergence-of-first-and-higher-order%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220950-1991%2C%201477-9129%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%228VFKVNDT%22%2C%22QWCYR4J9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-10-24T12%3A29%3A02Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22BGFX8P2U%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Baldassari%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222025%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EBaldassari%2C%20S.%2C%20Klingler%2C%20E.%2C%20Teijeiro%2C%20L.%20G.%2C%20Doladilhe%2C%20M.%2C%20Raoux%2C%20C.%2C%20Roig-Puiggros%2C%20S.%2C%20Bizzotto%2C%20S.%2C%20Couturier%2C%20J.%2C%20Gilbert%2C%20A.%2C%20Sami%2C%20L.%2C%20Ribierre%2C%20T.%2C%20Aronica%2C%20E.%2C%20Adle-Biassette%2C%20H.%2C%20Chipaux%2C%20M.%2C%20Jabaudon%2C%20D.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Baulac%2C%20S.%20%282025%29.%20Single-cell%20genotyping%20and%20transcriptomic%20profiling%20of%20mosaic%20focal%20cortical%20dysplasia.%20%3Ci%3ENature%20Neuroscience%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E28%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%285%29%2C%20964%26%23x2013%3B972.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1038%5C%2Fs41593-025-01936-z%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1038%5C%2Fs41593-025-01936-z%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Single-cell%20genotyping%20and%20transcriptomic%20profiling%20of%20mosaic%20focal%20cortical%20dysplasia%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Sara%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Baldassari%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Esther%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Klingler%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lucia%20Gomez%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Teijeiro%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Marion%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Doladilhe%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Corentin%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Raoux%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Sergi%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Roig-Puiggros%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Sara%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bizzotto%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jeanne%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Couturier%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Alice%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gilbert%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lina%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sami%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Th%5Cu00e9o%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ribierre%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Eleonora%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Aronica%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Homa%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Adle-Biassette%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mathilde%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Chipaux%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Denis%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jabaudon%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22St%5Cu00e9phanie%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Baulac%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Abstract%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Focal%20cortical%20dysplasia%20type%20II%20%28FCDII%29%20is%20a%20cortical%20malformation%20causing%20refractory%20epilepsy.%20FCDII%20arises%20from%20developmental%20somatic%20activating%20mutations%20in%20mTOR%20pathway%20genes%2C%20leading%20to%20focal%20cortical%20dyslamination%20and%20abnormal%20cytomegalic%20cells.%20Which%20cell%20types%20carry%20pathogenic%20mutations%20and%20how%20they%20affect%20cell-type-specific%20transcriptional%20programs%20remain%20unknown.%20In%20the%20present%20study%2C%20we%20combined%20several%20single-nucleus%20genotyping%20and%20transcriptomics%20approaches%20with%20spatial%20resolution%20in%20surgical%20cortical%20specimens%20from%20patients%20with%20genetically%20mosaic%20FCDII.%20Mutations%20were%20detected%20in%20distinct%20cell%20types%2C%20including%20glutamatergic%20neurons%20and%20astrocytes%2C%20and%20a%20small%20fraction%20of%20mutated%20cells%20exhibited%20cytomegalic%20features.%20Moreover%2C%20we%20identified%20cell-type-specific%20transcriptional%20dysregulations%20in%20both%20mutated%20and%20nonmutated%20FCDII%20cells%2C%20including%20synapse-%20and%20neurodevelopment-related%20pathways%2C%20that%20may%20account%20for%20epilepsy%20and%20dysregulation%20of%20mitochondrial%20metabolism%20pathways%20in%20cytomegalic%20cells.%20Together%2C%20these%20findings%20reveal%20cell-autonomous%20and%20non-cell-autonomous%20features%20of%20FCDII%20that%20may%20be%20leveraged%20for%20precision%20medicine.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2205%5C%2F2025%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1038%5C%2Fs41593-025-01936-z%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.nature.com%5C%2Farticles%5C%2Fs41593-025-01936-z%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221097-6256%2C%201546-1726%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%228VFKVNDT%22%2C%22QWCYR4J9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-10-24T12%3A26%3A55Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%223HT29KK6%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22De%20Pieri%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222023-12-09%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EDe%20Pieri%2C%20M.%2C%20Rochas%2C%20V.%2C%20Sabe%2C%20M.%2C%20Michel%2C%20C.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Kaiser%2C%20S.%20%282023%29.%20Pharmaco-EEG%20of%20antipsychotic%20treatment%20response%3A%20a%20systematic%20review.%20%3Ci%3ESchizophrenia%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E9%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%281%29%2C%2085.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1038%5C%2Fs41537-023-00419-z%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1038%5C%2Fs41537-023-00419-z%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Pharmaco-EEG%20of%20antipsychotic%20treatment%20response%3A%20a%20systematic%20review%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Marco%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22De%20Pieri%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Vincent%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Rochas%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Michel%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sabe%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Cristoph%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Michel%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Stefan%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kaiser%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Abstract%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Response%20to%20antipsychotic%20medications%20%28AP%29%20is%20subjected%20to%20a%20wide%20and%20unpredictable%20variability%20and%20efforts%20were%20directed%20to%20discover%20predictive%20biomarkers%20to%20personalize%20treatment.%20Electroencephalography%20abnormalities%20in%20subjects%20with%20schizophrenia%20are%20well%20established%2C%20as%20well%20as%20a%20pattern%20of%20EEG%20changes%20induced%20by%20APs.%20The%20aim%20of%20this%20review%20is%20to%20provide%20a%20synthesis%20of%20the%20EEG%20features%20that%20are%20related%20to%20AP%20efficacy%2C%20including%20both%20pre-treatment%20signatures%20and%20changes%20induced%20by%20APs%20during%20treatment.%20A%20systematic%20review%20of%20English%20articles%20using%20PubMed%2C%20PsychINFO%20and%20the%20Cochrane%20database%20of%20systematic%20reviews%20was%20undertaken%20until%20july%202023.%20Additional%20studies%20were%20added%20by%20hand%20search.%20Studies%20having%20as%20an%20endpoint%20the%20relationship%20between%20AP-related%20clinical%20improvement%20and%20electroencephalographic%20features%20were%20included.%20Heterogeneity%20prevented%20a%20quantitative%20synthesis.%20Out%20of%201232%20records%20screened%2C%2022%20studies%20were%20included%20in%20a%20final%20qualitative%20synthesis.%20Included%20studies%20evaluated%20resting-state%20and%20task-related%20power%20spectra%2C%20functional%20connectivity%2C%20microstates%20and%20epileptic%20abnormalities.%20At%20pre-treatment%20resting-state%20EEG%2C%20the%20most%20relevant%20predictors%20of%20a%20poor%20response%20were%20a%20change%20in%20theta%20power%20compared%20to%20healthy%20control%2C%20a%20high%20alpha%20power%20and%20connectivity%2C%20and%20diminished%20beta%20power.%20Considering%20EEG%20during%20treatment%2C%20an%20increased%20theta%20power%2C%20a%20reduced%20beta-band%20activity%2C%20an%20increased%20alpha%20activity%2C%20a%20decreased%20coherence%20in%20theta%2C%20alpha%20and%20beta-band%20were%20related%20to%20a%20favorable%20outcome.%20EEG%20is%20promising%20as%20a%20method%20to%20create%20a%20predictive%20biomarker%20for%20response%20to%20APs%3B%20further%20investigations%20are%20warranted%20to%20harmonize%20and%20generalize%20the%20contradictory%20results%20of%20reviewed%20studies.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222023-12-09%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1038%5C%2Fs41537-023-00419-z%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.nature.com%5C%2Farticles%5C%2Fs41537-023-00419-z%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222754-6993%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22QWCYR4J9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-10-24T12%3A17%3A07Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22FMKMQNIW%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Liebrand%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222024%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ELiebrand%2C%20M.%2C%20Katsarakis%2C%20A.%2C%20Josi%2C%20J.%2C%20Diezig%2C%20S.%2C%20Michel%2C%20C.%2C%20Schultze-Lutter%2C%20F.%2C%20Rochas%2C%20V.%2C%20Mancini%2C%20V.%2C%20Kaess%2C%20M.%2C%20Hubl%2C%20D.%2C%20Koenig%2C%20T.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Kindler%2C%20J.%20%282024%29.%20EEG%20microstate%20D%20as%20psychosis-specific%20correlate%20in%20adolescents%20and%20young%20adults%20with%20clinical%20high%20risk%20for%20psychosis%20and%20first-episode%20psychosis.%20%3Ci%3ESchizophrenia%20Research%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E264%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%2049%26%23x2013%3B57.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.schres.2023.11.014%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.schres.2023.11.014%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22EEG%20microstate%20D%20as%20psychosis-specific%20correlate%20in%20adolescents%20and%20young%20adults%20with%20clinical%20high%20risk%20for%20psychosis%20and%20first-episode%20psychosis%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Matthias%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Liebrand%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Angelos%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Katsarakis%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Johannes%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Josi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Sarah%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Diezig%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Chantal%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Michel%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Frauke%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Schultze-Lutter%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Vincent%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Rochas%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Valentina%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Mancini%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Michael%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kaess%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Daniela%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hubl%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Thomas%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Koenig%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jochen%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kindler%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2202%5C%2F2024%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.schres.2023.11.014%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%5C%2Fretrieve%5C%2Fpii%5C%2FS0920996423004267%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%2209209964%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22QWCYR4J9%22%2C%22QZJCI396%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-10-24T12%3A16%3A37Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22VC2LLBU2%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Rochas%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222025-07-10%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ERochas%2C%20V.%2C%20Montandon%2C%20M.-L.%2C%20Rodriguez%2C%20C.%2C%20Herrmann%2C%20F.%20R.%2C%20Eytan%2C%20A.%2C%20Pegna%2C%20A.%20J.%2C%20Michel%2C%20C.%20M.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Giannakopoulos%2C%20P.%20%282025%29.%20EEG%20correlates%20of%20egocentric%20and%20altercentric%20biases%20in%20forensic%20cases%20with%20borderline%20personality.%20%3Ci%3EFrontiers%20in%20Neuroscience%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E19%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%201583050.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.3389%5C%2Ffnins.2025.1583050%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.3389%5C%2Ffnins.2025.1583050%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22EEG%20correlates%20of%20egocentric%20and%20altercentric%20biases%20in%20forensic%20cases%20with%20borderline%20personality%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Vincent%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Rochas%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Marie-Louise%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Montandon%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Cristelle%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Rodriguez%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Fran%5Cu00e7ois%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Herrmann%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ariel%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Eytan%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Alan%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Pegna%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Christoph%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Michel%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Panteleimon%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Giannakopoulos%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22People%20tend%20to%20consider%20others%5Cu2019%20perspective%20when%20judging%20their%20own%20%28altercentric%20interference%2C%20AI%29%20or%20other%20%28egocentric%20interference%2C%20EI%29%20divergent%20views.%20Borderline%20%28BDL%29%20and%20antisocial%20personalities%20are%20associated%20with%20significant%20changes%20in%20EI%20and%20AI.%20Combining%20the%20dot%20perspective-taking%20task%20with%20high-density%20EEG%20recordings%2C%20our%20study%20explores%20the%20correlations%20between%20EI%20and%20AI%20in%20cases%20with%20BDL%20diagnosis%20and%20court-ordered%20measures%20%28BDL-COM%3B%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20n%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3D%5Cu202f14%29%20compared%20to%20age-matched%20healthy%20controls%20%28%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20n%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3D%5Cu202f24%29.%20In%20Inconsistent%20trials%2C%20controls%20displayed%20significant%20activation%20of%20brain%20generators%2C%20which%20was%20absent%20in%20BDL-COM%20patients.%20For%20the%20Self-Inconsistent%20stimuli%20%28altercentric%20bias%29%2C%20controls%20showed%20increased%20activity%20in%20the%20left%20superior%20frontal%20gyrus%20between%2058%20and%2074%5Cu202fms%20and%20the%20left%20inferior%20frontal%20gyrus%20between%20279%20and%20303%5Cu202fms.%20Similar%20differences%20were%20observed%20for%20Other-Inconsistent%20stimuli%20%28egocentric%20bias%29%20in%20the%20precentral%20gyri%20and%20inferior%20frontal%20gyrus%20between%20274%20and%20296%5Cu202fms.%20These%20findings%20suggest%20that%20AI%20involves%20an%20early%20activation%20of%20brain%20generators%20in%20central%20executive%20and%20mentalizing%20areas.%20EI%20is%20associated%20with%20an%20increased%20activation%20of%20the%20mirror%20neuron%20system%20based%20on%20self%5Cu2013other%20distinction.%20These%20EEG%20data%20indicate%20that%20BDL-COM%20patients%20display%20significant%20difficulties%20activating%20all%20of%20the%20brain%20generators%20involved%20in%20the%20processing%20of%20conflicting%20viewpoints%20in%20visual%20perspective-taking.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222025-7-10%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.3389%5C%2Ffnins.2025.1583050%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.frontiersin.org%5C%2Farticles%5C%2F10.3389%5C%2Ffnins.2025.1583050%5C%2Ffull%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221662-453X%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%222E6FW5HR%22%2C%22QWCYR4J9%22%2C%22QZJCI396%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-10-24T12%3A13%3A38Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%225FHKLYI6%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22De%20Pieri%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222025%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EDe%20Pieri%2C%20M.%2C%20Rochas%2C%20V.%2C%20Apostolopoulou%2C%20D.%2C%20Kirschner%2C%20M.%2C%20Sabe%2C%20M.%2C%20Bartolomei%2C%20J.%2C%20B%26%23xE8%3Bgue%2C%20I.%2C%20Koenig%2C%20T.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Kaiser%2C%20S.%20%282025%29.%20EEG%20microstates%2C%20acute%20phase%20negative%20symptoms%20of%20schizophrenia%20and%20antipsychotic%20treatment%20response.%20%3Ci%3EProgress%20in%20Neuro-Psychopharmacology%20and%20Biological%20Psychiatry%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E141%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20111466.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.pnpbp.2025.111466%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.pnpbp.2025.111466%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22EEG%20microstates%2C%20acute%20phase%20negative%20symptoms%20of%20schizophrenia%20and%20antipsychotic%20treatment%20response%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Marco%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22De%20Pieri%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Vincent%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Rochas%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Dafni%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Apostolopoulou%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Matthias%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kirschner%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Michel%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sabe%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Javier%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bartolomei%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Indrit%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22B%5Cu00e8gue%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Thomas%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Koenig%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Stefan%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kaiser%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2208%5C%2F2025%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.pnpbp.2025.111466%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%5C%2Fretrieve%5C%2Fpii%5C%2FS0278584625002209%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%2202785846%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22QWCYR4J9%22%2C%22QZJCI396%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-10-24T12%3A11%3A25Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22UDD66VCZ%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Latr%5Cu00e8che%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222024-10-24%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ELatr%26%23xE8%3Bche%2C%20C.%2C%20Mancini%2C%20V.%2C%20McGinn%2C%20N.%2C%20Rochas%2C%20V.%2C%20F%26%23xE9%3Brat%2C%20V.%2C%20Forrer%2C%20S.%2C%20Schneider%2C%20M.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Eliez%2C%20S.%20%282024%29.%20Safety%20and%20feasibility%20of%20home-based%20transcranial%20alternating%20current%20stimulation%20in%20youths%20with%2022q11.2%20deletion%20syndrome.%20%3Ci%3EFrontiers%20in%20Neuroscience%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E18%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%201453839.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.3389%5C%2Ffnins.2024.1453839%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.3389%5C%2Ffnins.2024.1453839%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Safety%20and%20feasibility%20of%20home-based%20transcranial%20alternating%20current%20stimulation%20in%20youths%20with%2022q11.2%20deletion%20syndrome%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Caren%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Latr%5Cu00e8che%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Valentina%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Mancini%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Nova%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22McGinn%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Vincent%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Rochas%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Victor%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22F%5Cu00e9rat%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Silas%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Forrer%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Maude%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Schneider%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Stephan%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Eliez%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Neurodevelopmental%20disorders%20such%20as%20attention%20deficit%20and%5C%2For%20hyperactivity%20disorder%20%28ADHD%29%20and%20schizophrenia%20are%20characterized%20by%20core%20impairment%20in%20executive%20functions%20%28EF%29.%20Despite%20the%20development%20of%20various%20behavioral%20interventions%20to%20enhance%20EF%2C%20the%20evidence%20is%20still%20scarce.%20Alternatively%2C%20non-invasive%20brain%20stimulation%20tools%20such%20as%20transcranial%20alternating%20current%20stimulation%20%28tACS%29%20has%20emerged%20as%20a%20potential%20strategy%20to%20alleviate%20cognitive%20deficits.%20Previous%20studies%20have%20demonstrated%20the%20safety%2C%20feasibility%2C%20and%20efficacy%20of%20one%20single%20tACS%20session%20in%20different%20clinical%20populations.%20However%2C%20the%20effects%20of%20tACS%20appear%20limited%20and%20need%20to%20be%20sustained%20to%20be%20considered%20an%20effective%20cognitive%20neurorehabilitation%20tool.%20Recent%20studies%20have%20used%20home-based%2C%20repeated%20tACS%20sessions%20in%20individuals%20with%20neurodegenerative%20diseases.%20To%20our%20knowledge%2C%20the%20safety%20and%20feasibility%20of%20such%20an%20intensive%20protocol%20remains%20to%20be%20tested%20in%20a%20younger%20population%20with%20neurodevelopmental%20disorders.%20Using%20a%20randomized%20double-blind%20sham-controlled%20design%2C%20we%20administered%20home-based%2C%20repeated%20tACS%20sessions%20to%20seven%20individuals%20aged%2014%5Cu201325%20with%2022q11.2%20deletion%20syndrome%20%2822q11.2DS%29%2C%20which%20confers%20an%20increased%20risk%20for%20neurodevelopmental%20disorders.%20We%20aimed%20to%20assess%20the%20safety%2C%20tolerability%2C%20and%20feasibility%20of%20tACS.%20Findings%20from%20this%20ongoing%20clinical%20trial%20revealed%20a%20favorable%20safety%20profile%2C%20with%20frequent%20yet%20transient%20and%20mainly%20mild%20adverse%20effects.%20The%20intervention%20proved%20to%20be%20feasible%2C%20shown%20by%20very%20high%20adherence%20rates%20and%20positive%20user%20experiences.%20Future%20studies%20should%20therefore%20investigate%20whether%20prolonged%20exposure%20to%20tACS%20can%20lead%20to%20long-lasting%20cognitive%20outcomes.%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Clinical%20trial%20registration%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ClinicalTrials.gov%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%2C%20identifier%20NCT05664412.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222024-10-24%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.3389%5C%2Ffnins.2024.1453839%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.frontiersin.org%5C%2Farticles%5C%2F10.3389%5C%2Ffnins.2024.1453839%5C%2Ffull%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221662-453X%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%222E6FW5HR%22%2C%22QWCYR4J9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-10-24T12%3A06%3A04Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22PD7QB28Z%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Cho%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222024%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ECho%2C%20N.%2C%20Squair%2C%20J.%20W.%2C%20Aureli%2C%20V.%2C%20James%2C%20N.%20D.%2C%20Bole-Feysot%2C%20L.%2C%20Dewany%2C%20I.%2C%20Hankov%2C%20N.%2C%20Baud%2C%20L.%2C%20Leonhartsberger%2C%20A.%2C%20Sveistyte%2C%20K.%2C%20Skinnider%2C%20M.%20A.%2C%20Gautier%2C%20M.%2C%20Laskaratos%2C%20A.%2C%20Galan%2C%20K.%2C%20Goubran%2C%20M.%2C%20Ravier%2C%20J.%2C%20Merlos%2C%20F.%2C%20Batti%2C%20L.%2C%20Pages%2C%20S.%2C%20%26%23x2026%3B%20Courtine%2C%20G.%20%282024%29.%20Hypothalamic%20deep%20brain%20stimulation%20augments%20walking%20after%20spinal%20cord%20injury.%20%3Ci%3ENature%20Medicine%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E30%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2812%29%2C%203676%26%23x2013%3B3686.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1038%5C%2Fs41591-024-03306-x%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1038%5C%2Fs41591-024-03306-x%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Hypothalamic%20deep%20brain%20stimulation%20augments%20walking%20after%20spinal%20cord%20injury%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Newton%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Cho%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jordan%20W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Squair%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Viviana%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Aureli%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Nicholas%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22James%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22L%5Cu00e9a%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bole-Feysot%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Inssia%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Dewany%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Nicolas%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hankov%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Laetitia%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Baud%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Anna%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Leonhartsberger%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Kristina%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sveistyte%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Michael%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Skinnider%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Matthieu%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gautier%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Achilleas%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Laskaratos%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Katia%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Galan%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Maged%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goubran%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jimmy%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ravier%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Frederic%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Merlos%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Laura%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Batti%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22St%5Cu00e9phane%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Pages%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Nadia%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Berard%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Nadine%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Intering%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Camille%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Varescon%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Anne%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Watrin%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22L%5Cu00e9a%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Duguet%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Stefano%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Carda%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Kay%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bartholdi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Thomas%20H.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hutson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Claudia%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kathe%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Michael%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hodara%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mark%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Anderson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Bogdan%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Draganski%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Robin%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Demesmaeker%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Leonie%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Asboth%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Quentin%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Barraud%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jocelyne%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bloch%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Gr%5Cu00e9goire%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Courtine%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2212%5C%2F2024%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1038%5C%2Fs41591-024-03306-x%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.nature.com%5C%2Farticles%5C%2Fs41591-024-03306-x%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221078-8956%2C%201546-170X%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22QWCYR4J9%22%2C%22VH52CPEQ%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-10-24T11%3A52%3A59Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%223YQAMS8J%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Soriano%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222025-09-17%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ESoriano%2C%20J.%20E.%2C%20Hudelle%2C%20R.%2C%20Mahe%2C%20L.%2C%20Gautier%2C%20M.%2C%20Teo%2C%20A.%20Y.%20Y.%2C%20Skinnider%2C%20M.%20A.%2C%20Laskaratos%2C%20A.%2C%20Ceto%2C%20S.%2C%20Kathe%2C%20C.%2C%20Hutson%2C%20T.%2C%20Charbonneau%2C%20R.%2C%20Girgis%2C%20F.%2C%20Casha%2C%20S.%2C%20Rimok%2C%20J.%2C%20Tso%2C%20M.%2C%20Larkin-Kaiser%2C%20K.%2C%20Hankov%2C%20N.%2C%20Gandhi%2C%20A.%2C%20Amir%2C%20S.%2C%20%26%23x2026%3B%20Courtine%2C%20G.%20%282025%29.%20A%20neuronal%20architecture%20underlying%20autonomic%20dysreflexia.%20%3Ci%3ENature%3C%5C%2Fi%3E.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1038%5C%2Fs41586-025-09487-w%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1038%5C%2Fs41586-025-09487-w%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22A%20neuronal%20architecture%20underlying%20autonomic%20dysreflexia%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jan%20Elaine%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Soriano%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Remi%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hudelle%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lois%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Mahe%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Matthieu%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gautier%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Alan%20Yue%20Yang%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Teo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Michael%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Skinnider%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Achilleas%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Laskaratos%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Steven%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ceto%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Claudia%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kathe%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Thomas%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hutson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Rebecca%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Charbonneau%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Fady%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Girgis%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Steve%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Casha%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Julien%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Rimok%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Marcus%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Tso%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Kelly%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Larkin-Kaiser%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Nicolas%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hankov%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Aasta%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gandhi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Suje%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Amir%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Xiaoyang%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kang%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Yashwanth%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Vyza%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Eduardo%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Martin-Moraud%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Stephanie%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lacour%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Robin%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Demesmaeker%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Leonie%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Asboth%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Quentin%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Barraud%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mark%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Anderson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jocelyne%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bloch%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jordan%20W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Squair%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Aaron%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Phillips%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Gregoire%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Courtine%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222025-09-17%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1038%5C%2Fs41586-025-09487-w%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.nature.com%5C%2Farticles%5C%2Fs41586-025-09487-w%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220028-0836%2C%201476-4687%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22QWCYR4J9%22%2C%22VH52CPEQ%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-10-24T11%3A43%3A03Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22IQUIB35P%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Morishita%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222025-11-01%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EMorishita%2C%20T.%2C%20Harquel%2C%20S.%2C%20Maceira-Elvira%2C%20P.%2C%20Egger%2C%20P.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Hummel%2C%20F.%20C.%20%282025%29.%20Complexity%20of%20neural%20outputs%20elicited%20by%20transcranial%20magnetic%20stimulation.%20%3Ci%3EJournal%20of%20Neurophysiology%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E134%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%285%29%2C%201341%26%23x2013%3B1358.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1152%5C%2Fjn.00221.2025%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1152%5C%2Fjn.00221.2025%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Complexity%20of%20neural%20outputs%20elicited%20by%20transcranial%20magnetic%20stimulation%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Takuya%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Morishita%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Sylvain%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Harquel%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Pablo%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Maceira-Elvira%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Philip%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Egger%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Friedhelm%20C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hummel%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22The%20study%20introduces%20a%20framework%20to%20assess%20the%20complexity%20of%20neural%20outputs%20elicited%20by%20transcranial%20magnetic%20stimulation%20%28TMS%29.%20We%20demonstrated%20that%20complexity%2C%20obtained%20from%20multimuscle%20motor-evoked%20potentials%20%28MEPs%29%20through%20dimensionality%20reduction%2C%20varied%20depending%20on%20stimulus%20intensities%2C%20was%20minimally%20influenced%20by%20the%20selection%20of%20muscles%2C%20and%20was%20associated%20with%20individual%20differences%20in%20motor%20cortex%20anatomy.%20Importantly%2C%20individuals%20with%20higher%20complexity%20exhibited%20better%20dexterous%20performance.%20The%20framework%20offers%20a%20novel%20perspective%20for%20investigating%20the%20motor%20system.%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%2C%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Complex%20neural%20activity%20of%20the%20motor%20cortex%20is%20posited%20to%20serve%20as%20the%20foundation%20for%20a%20large%20repertoire%20of%20activation%20patterns%20crucial%20for%20executing%20movements.%20As%20transcranial%20magnetic%20stimulation%20%28TMS%29%20predominantly%20activates%20monosynaptic%20fast-conducting%20corticospinal%20projections%2C%20which%20are%20involved%20in%20dexterous%20movement%20control%2C%20the%20complexity%20of%20neural%20outputs%20elicited%20by%20TMS%20may%20reflect%20an%20underlying%20repertoire%20of%20activation%20patterns%20crucial%20for%20executing%20dexterous%20movements.%20We%20proposed%20to%20quantify%20dimensionality%20of%20multimuscle%20motor-evoked%20potentials%20%28MEPs%29%20through%20dimensionality%20reduction%20as%20an%20integrated%20measure%20to%20reflect%20the%20complexity%20of%20neural%20outputs%20elicited%20by%20TMS.%20For%20its%20validation%2C%20we%20conducted%20two%20experiments%20focusing%20on%20different%20stimulus%20parameters%3A%20stimulus%20intensity%20%28%20experiment%201%3A%20n%20%3D%2040%29%20and%20size%20of%20motor%20mapping%20%28%20experiment%202%3A%20n%20%3D%2035%29.%20The%20present%20findings%20demonstrated%20that%20lower%20intensities%20resulted%20in%20higher%20complexity%20and%20vice%20versa%20but%20no%20effects%20of%20different%20sizes%20of%20motor%20mapping%20on%20complexity.%20Analyses%20incorporating%20disparities%20in%20MEP%20amplitude%20across%20different%20muscles%20supported%20that%20complexity%20was%20effectively%20captured%20through%20dimensionality%20reduction.%20Notably%2C%20complexity%20was%20minimally%20influenced%20by%20the%20selection%20of%20muscles%20and%20was%20associated%20with%20individual%20differences%20in%20motor%20cortex%20anatomy.%20We%20performed%20two%20fingers%20alternating%20tapping%20as%20an%20index%20of%20dexterous%20movements%2C%20and%20the%20results%20demonstrated%20its%20association%20with%20the%20complexity%20of%20neural%20outputs%20elicited%20by%20TMS%3A%20higher%20complexity%20corresponded%20to%20better%20dexterous%20performance.%20The%20proposed%20complexity%20measure%20might%20reflect%20neural%20processes%20aligned%20with%20the%20principle%20of%20motor%20abundance.%20The%20framework%20complements%20well-established%20MEP%20analyses%20and%20offers%20a%20novel%20perspective%20for%20investigating%20the%20motor%20system.%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20NEW%20%26%20NOTEWORTHY%20The%20study%20introduces%20a%20framework%20to%20assess%20the%20complexity%20of%20neural%20outputs%20elicited%20by%20transcranial%20magnetic%20stimulation%20%28TMS%29.%20We%20demonstrated%20that%20complexity%2C%20obtained%20from%20multimuscle%20motor-evoked%20potentials%20%28MEPs%29%20through%20dimensionality%20reduction%2C%20varied%20depending%20on%20stimulus%20intensities%2C%20was%20minimally%20influenced%20by%20the%20selection%20of%20muscles%2C%20and%20was%20associated%20with%20individual%20differences%20in%20motor%20cortex%20anatomy.%20Importantly%2C%20individuals%20with%20higher%20complexity%20exhibited%20better%20dexterous%20performance.%20The%20framework%20offers%20a%20novel%20perspective%20for%20investigating%20the%20motor%20system.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222025-11-01%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1152%5C%2Fjn.00221.2025%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fjournals.physiology.org%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2F10.1152%5C%2Fjn.00221.2025%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220022-3077%2C%201522-1598%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%222E6FW5HR%22%2C%22QWCYR4J9%22%2C%22QZJCI396%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-10-24T08%3A23%3A30Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22NFP9UZQ4%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Kinany%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222024-01-11%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EKinany%2C%20N.%2C%20Landelle%2C%20C.%2C%20De%20Leener%2C%20B.%2C%20Lungu%2C%20O.%2C%20Doyon%2C%20J.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Van%20De%20Ville%2C%20D.%20%282024%29.%20%3Ci%3EIn%20vivo%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%20parcellation%20of%20the%20human%20spinal%20cord%20functional%20architecture.%20%3Ci%3EImaging%20Neuroscience%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E2%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20imag%26%23x2013%3B2%26%23x2013%3B00059.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1162%5C%2Fimag_a_00059%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1162%5C%2Fimag_a_00059%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22%3Ci%3EIn%20vivo%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%20parcellation%20of%20the%20human%20spinal%20cord%20functional%20architecture%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Nawal%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kinany%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Caroline%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Landelle%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Benjamin%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22De%20Leener%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ovidiu%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lungu%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Julien%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Doyon%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Dimitri%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Van%20De%20Ville%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Abstract%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20The%20spinal%20cord%20is%20a%20critical%20component%20of%20the%20central%20nervous%20system%2C%20transmitting%20and%20integrating%20signals%20between%20the%20brain%20and%20the%20periphery%20via%20topographically%20organized%20functional%20levels.%20Despite%20its%20central%20role%20in%20sensorimotor%20processes%20and%20several%20neuromotor%20disorders%2C%20mapping%20the%20functional%20organization%20of%20the%20spinal%20cord%20in%20vivo%20in%20humans%20has%20been%20a%20long-standing%20challenge.%20Here%2C%20we%20test%20the%20efficacy%20of%20two%20data-driven%20connectivity%20approaches%20to%20produce%20a%20reliable%20and%20temporally%20stable%20functional%20parcellation%20of%20the%20cervical%20spinal%20cord%20through%20resting-state%20networks%20in%20two%20different%20functional%20magnetic%20resonance%20imaging%20%28fMRI%29%20datasets.%20Our%20results%20demonstrate%20robust%20and%20replicable%20patterns%20across%20methods%20and%20datasets%2C%20effectively%20capturing%20the%20spinal%20functional%20levels.%20Furthermore%2C%20we%20present%20the%20first%20evidence%20of%20spinal%20resting-state%20networks%20organized%20in%20functional%20levels%20in%20individual%20participants%2C%20unveiling%20personalized%20maps%20of%20the%20spinal%20functional%20organization.%20These%20findings%20underscore%20the%20potential%20of%20non-invasive%2C%20data-driven%20approaches%20to%20reliably%20outline%20the%20spinal%20cord%5Cu2019s%20functional%20architecture.%20The%20implications%20are%20far-reaching%2C%20from%20spinal%20cord%20fMRI%20processing%20to%20personalized%20investigations%20of%20healthy%20and%20impaired%20spinal%20cord%20function.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222024-01-11%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1162%5C%2Fimag_a_00059%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdirect.mit.edu%5C%2Fimag%5C%2Farticle%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2F10.1162%5C%2Fimag_a_00059%5C%2F118690%5C%2FIn-vivo-parcellation-of-the-human-spinal-cord%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222837-6056%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%222E6FW5HR%22%2C%22QWCYR4J9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-10-24T08%3A19%3A24Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22MC2XKK46%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Albert%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222024-03-12%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EAlbert%2C%20L.%2C%20Potheegadoo%2C%20J.%2C%20Herbelin%2C%20B.%2C%20Bernasconi%2C%20F.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Blanke%2C%20O.%20%282024%29.%20Numerosity%20estimation%20of%20virtual%20humans%20as%20a%20digital-robotic%20marker%20for%20hallucinations%20in%20Parkinson%26%23x2019%3Bs%20disease.%20%3Ci%3ENature%20Communications%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E15%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%281%29%2C%201905.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1038%5C%2Fs41467-024-45912-w%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1038%5C%2Fs41467-024-45912-w%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Numerosity%20estimation%20of%20virtual%20humans%20as%20a%20digital-robotic%20marker%20for%20hallucinations%20in%20Parkinson%5Cu2019s%20disease%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Louis%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Albert%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jevita%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Potheegadoo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Bruno%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Herbelin%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Fosco%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bernasconi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Olaf%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Blanke%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Abstract%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Hallucinations%20are%20frequent%20non-motor%20symptoms%20in%20Parkinson%5Cu2019s%20disease%20%28PD%29%20associated%20with%20dementia%20and%20higher%20mortality.%20Despite%20their%20high%20clinical%20relevance%2C%20current%20assessments%20of%20hallucinations%20are%20based%20on%20verbal%20self-reports%20and%20interviews%20that%20are%20limited%20by%20important%20biases.%20Here%2C%20we%20used%20virtual%20reality%20%28VR%29%2C%20robotics%2C%20and%20digital%20online%20technology%20to%20quantify%20presence%20hallucination%20%28vivid%20sensations%20that%20another%20person%20is%20nearby%20when%20no%20one%20is%20actually%20present%20and%20can%20neither%20be%20seen%20nor%20heard%29%20in%20laboratory%20and%20home-based%20settings.%20We%20establish%20that%20elevated%20numerosity%20estimation%20of%20virtual%20human%20agents%20in%20VR%20is%20a%20digital%20marker%20for%20experimentally%20induced%20presence%20hallucinations%20in%20healthy%20participants%2C%20as%20confirmed%20across%20several%20control%20conditions%20and%20analyses.%20We%20translated%20the%20digital%20marker%20%28numerosity%20estimation%29%20to%20an%20online%20procedure%20that%20170%20PD%20patients%20carried%20out%20remotely%20at%20their%20homes%2C%20revealing%20that%20PD%20patients%20with%20disease-related%20presence%20hallucinations%20%28but%20not%20control%20PD%20patients%29%20showed%20higher%20numerosity%20estimation.%20Numerosity%20estimation%20enables%20quantitative%20monitoring%20of%20hallucinations%2C%20is%20an%20easy-to-use%20unobtrusive%20online%20method%2C%20reaching%20people%20far%20away%20from%20medical%20centers%2C%20translating%20neuroscientific%20findings%20using%20robotics%20and%20VR%2C%20to%20patients%5Cu2019%20homes%20without%20specific%20equipment%20or%20trained%20staff.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222024-03-12%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1038%5C%2Fs41467-024-45912-w%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.nature.com%5C%2Farticles%5C%2Fs41467-024-45912-w%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222041-1723%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22QWCYR4J9%22%2C%22TVLRYFUE%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-10-24T08%3A09%3A29Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%2235SB68HL%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Al%20Awadhi%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222025%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EAl%20Awadhi%2C%20A.%2C%20Kiss-Bodolay%2C%20D.%2C%20Grann%26%23xF2%3B%2C%20S.%2C%20Ronchi%2C%20R.%2C%20Bobbink-Blondiaux%2C%20E.%2C%20Tyrand%2C%20R.%2C%20Bo%26%23xEB%3Bx%2C%20C.%2C%20Voruz%2C%20P.%2C%20Iannotti%2C%20G.%20R.%2C%20P%26%23xE9%3Bron%2C%20J.%2C%20Herbelin%2C%20B.%2C%20Blanke%2C%20O.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Schaller%2C%20K.%20%282025%29.%20Human%20self%20and%20Neurosurgery%3A%20Advances%20and%20insights%20from%20Geneva.%20%3Ci%3EBrain%20and%20Spine%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E5%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20104385.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.bas.2025.104385%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.bas.2025.104385%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Human%20self%20and%20Neurosurgery%3A%20Advances%20and%20insights%20from%20Geneva%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Abdullah%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Al%20Awadhi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Daniel%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kiss-Bodolay%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Simone%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Grann%5Cu00f2%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Roberta%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ronchi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Eva%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bobbink-Blondiaux%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R%5Cu00e9mi%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Tyrand%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Colette%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bo%5Cu00ebx%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Philippe%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Voruz%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Giannina%20Rita%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Iannotti%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Julie%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22P%5Cu00e9ron%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Bruno%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Herbelin%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Olaf%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Blanke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Karl%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Schaller%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222025%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.bas.2025.104385%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%5C%2Fretrieve%5C%2Fpii%5C%2FS2772529425002048%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%2227725294%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%222E6FW5HR%22%2C%22QWCYR4J9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-10-24T08%3A05%3A15Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22FCSN4FYG%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Meyer%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222025%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EMeyer%2C%20N.%20H.%2C%20Babo-Rebelo%2C%20M.%2C%20Potheegadoo%2C%20J.%2C%20Duong%20Phan%20Thanh%2C%20L.%2C%20Boscheron%2C%20J.%2C%20Herbelin%2C%20B.%2C%20Vuarnesson%2C%20L.%2C%20Stampacchia%2C%20S.%2C%20Toye%2C%20I.%20M.%2C%20Esposito%2C%20F.%2C%20Morais%20Lacerda%2C%20M.%2C%20Trivier%2C%20A.%2C%20Beanato%2C%20E.%2C%20Alvarez%2C%20V.%2C%20Bassolino%2C%20M.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Blanke%2C%20O.%20%282025%29.%20Bodily%20perception%20links%20memory%20and%20self%3A%20A%20case%20study%20of%20an%20amnesic%20patient.%20%3Ci%3ECortex%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E191%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20245%26%23x2013%3B265.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.cortex.2025.07.015%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.cortex.2025.07.015%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Bodily%20perception%20links%20memory%20and%20self%3A%20A%20case%20study%20of%20an%20amnesic%20patient%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Nathalie%20H.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Meyer%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mariana%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Babo-Rebelo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jevita%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Potheegadoo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lea%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Duong%20Phan%20Thanh%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Juliette%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Boscheron%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Bruno%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Herbelin%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Loup%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Vuarnesson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Sara%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Stampacchia%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Iris%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Toye%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Fabienne%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Esposito%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Marilia%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Morais%20Lacerda%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Arthur%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Trivier%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Elena%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Beanato%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Vincent%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Alvarez%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Michela%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bassolino%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Olaf%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Blanke%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2210%5C%2F2025%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.cortex.2025.07.015%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%5C%2Fretrieve%5C%2Fpii%5C%2FS001094522500214X%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%2200109452%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%222E6FW5HR%22%2C%22QWCYR4J9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-10-24T08%3A04%3A03Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22WQD6J5RU%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Albert%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222025-09-15%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EAlbert%2C%20L.%2C%20Herbelin%2C%20B.%2C%20Bernasconi%2C%20F.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Blanke%2C%20O.%20%282025%29.%20Extrastriate%20activity%20reflects%20sensorimotor-induced%20bias%20in%20estimating%20number%20of%20visual%20humans.%20%3Ci%3ECerebral%20Cortex%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E35%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%289%29%2C%20bhaf270.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1093%5C%2Fcercor%5C%2Fbhaf270%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1093%5C%2Fcercor%5C%2Fbhaf270%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Extrastriate%20activity%20reflects%20sensorimotor-induced%20bias%20in%20estimating%20number%20of%20visual%20humans%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Louis%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Albert%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Bruno%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Herbelin%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Fosco%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bernasconi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Olaf%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Blanke%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Abstract%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Humans%20and%20animals%20are%20able%20to%20rapidly%2C%20and%20with%20reasonable%20accuracy%2C%20estimate%20the%20number%20of%20objects%20in%20a%20visual%20scene.%20Visual-evoked%20potential%20studies%20have%20described%20a%20sequence%20of%20functionally%20distinct%20stages%20associated%20with%20numerosity%20perception.%20Recently%2C%20a%20specialized%20cognitive-perceptual%20system%20for%20the%20numerosity%20estimation%20for%20human%20stimuli%20%28NEH%29%2C%20distinct%20from%20that%20for%20non-social%20stimuli%2C%20was%20revealed%20using%20virtual%20reality%2C%20revealing%20a%20stable%20NEH%20overestimation%20bias%20%28ie%20perceiving%20more%20people%20than%20were%20shown%29.%20This%20bias%20was%20further%20increased%20when%20a%20social%20hallucination%20characterized%20by%20the%20false%20perception%20of%20another%20invisible%20person%20%28presence%20hallucination%29%20was%20induced%20robotically%20and%20repeatedly%20prior%20to%20NEH%20trials.%20However%2C%20little%20is%20known%20about%20the%20brain%20mechanisms%20of%20NEH%20and%20robot-induced%20presence%20hallucination.%20Here%20we%20combined%20virtual%20reality%20and%20robotically-induced%20presence%20hallucination%20with%20visual-evoked%20potentials%20to%20investigate%20the%20neural%20mechanisms%20and%20processing%20steps%20of%20NEH.%20We%20report%20that%20NEH%20induces%20numerosity-related%20components%20as%20observed%20for%20non-human%20numerosity%20stimuli%20and%2C%20critically%20that%20experimentally-induced%20presence%20hallucination%20selectively%20modulated%20the%20P2p%20component%2C%20whose%20amplitude%20correlated%20with%20NEH%20overestimation%20magnitude.%20This%20effect%20was%20localized%20in%20left%20extrastriate%20cortex%2C%20showing%20that%20robot-induced%20presence%20hallucination%20are%20integrated%20with%20NEH%20processing%20during%20the%20P2p%20time%20period%20and%20relying%20on%20social%20numerosity%20mechanisms%20in%20extrastriate%20cortex.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222025-09-15%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1093%5C%2Fcercor%5C%2Fbhaf270%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Facademic.oup.com%5C%2Fcercor%5C%2Farticle%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2F10.1093%5C%2Fcercor%5C%2Fbhaf270%5C%2F8268758%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221047-3211%2C%201460-2199%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%222E6FW5HR%22%2C%22QWCYR4J9%22%2C%22TVLRYFUE%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-10-24T08%3A03%3A18Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22TIADKJXG%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Ricchi%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222024-09-05%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ERicchi%2C%20I.%2C%20Kinany%2C%20N.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Van%20De%20Ville%2C%20D.%20%282024%29.%20Lumbosacral%20spinal%20cord%20functional%20connectivity%20at%20rest%3A%20From%20feasibility%20to%20reliability.%20%3Ci%3EImaging%20Neuroscience%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E2%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20imag%26%23x2013%3B2%26%23x2013%3B00286.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1162%5C%2Fimag_a_00286%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1162%5C%2Fimag_a_00286%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Lumbosacral%20spinal%20cord%20functional%20connectivity%20at%20rest%3A%20From%20feasibility%20to%20reliability%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ilaria%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ricchi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Nawal%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kinany%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Dimitri%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Van%20De%20Ville%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Abstract%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20In%20the%20past%20decade%2C%20exploration%20of%20spontaneous%20blood-oxygen-level-dependent%20%28BOLD%29%20signal%20fluctuations%20has%20expanded%20beyond%20the%20brain%20to%20include%20the%20spinal%20cord.%20While%20most%20studies%20have%20predominantly%20focused%20on%20the%20cervical%20region%2C%20the%20lumbosacral%20segments%20play%20a%20crucial%20role%20in%20motor%20control%20and%20sensory%20processing%20of%20the%20lower%20limbs.%20Addressing%20this%20gap%2C%20the%20aims%20of%20the%20current%20study%20were%20twofold%3A%20first%2C%20confirming%20the%20presence%20and%20nature%20of%20organized%20spontaneous%20BOLD%20signals%20in%20the%20human%20lumbosacral%20spinal%20cord%3B%20second%2C%20systematically%20assessing%20the%20impact%20of%20various%20denoising%20strategies%20on%20signal%20quality%20and%20functional%20connectivity%20%28FC%29%20patterns.%20Given%20the%20susceptibility%20of%20spinal%20cord%20functional%20magnetic%20resonance%20imaging%20%28fMRI%29%20to%20noise%2C%20this%20step%20is%20pivotal%20to%20ensure%20the%20robustness%20of%20intrinsic%20FC.%20Our%20findings%20uncovered%20bilateral%20FC%20between%20the%20ventral%20and%20dorsal%20horns.%20Importantly%2C%20these%20patterns%20were%20consistently%20observed%20across%20denoising%20methods%20and%20demonstrating%20fair%20to%20excellent%20split-half%20temporal%20stability.%20Importantly%2C%20the%20evaluation%20of%20diverse%20denoising%20strategies%20highlighted%20the%20efficacy%20of%20physiological%20noise%20modeling%20%28PNM%29-based%20pipelines%20in%20cleaning%20the%20signal%20while%20preserving%20the%20strength%20of%20connectivity%20estimates.%20Together%2C%20our%20results%20provide%20evidence%20of%20robust%20FC%20patterns%20in%20the%20lumbosacral%20spinal%20cord%2C%20thereby%20paving%20the%20way%20for%20future%20studies%20probing%20caudal%20spinal%20activity.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222024-09-05%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1162%5C%2Fimag_a_00286%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdirect.mit.edu%5C%2Fimag%5C%2Farticle%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2F10.1162%5C%2Fimag_a_00286%5C%2F124092%5C%2FLumbosacral-spinal-cord-functional-connectivity-at%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222837-6056%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%222E6FW5HR%22%2C%22QWCYR4J9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-08-25T13%3A22%3A32Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22MVWMEZRF%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A5649449%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22lastModifiedByUser%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A14964934%2C%22username%22%3A%22olivier.reynaud%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22%22%2C%22links%22%3A%7B%22alternate%22%3A%7B%22href%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.zotero.org%5C%2Folivier.reynaud%22%2C%22type%22%3A%22text%5C%2Fhtml%22%7D%7D%7D%2C%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Rochas%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222025-09-01%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ERochas%2C%20V.%2C%20Konstantopoulou%2C%20S.%2C%20Unschuld%2C%20P.%20G.%2C%20Opitz%2C%20A.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Br%26%23xE9%3Bchet%2C%20L.%20%282025%29.%20MRI-individualized%2C%20multi-electrode%20tACS%20enhances%20the%20induced%20electrical%20field%20strength%20in%20the%20targeted%20area%20of%20mild%20cognitive%20impairment%20patients.%20%3Ci%3EClinical%20Neurophysiology%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E177%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%202110930.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20target%3D%27_blank%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.clinph.2025.2110930%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.clinph.2025.2110930%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22MRI-individualized%2C%20multi-electrode%20tACS%20enhances%20the%20induced%20electrical%20field%20strength%20in%20the%20targeted%20area%20of%20mild%20cognitive%20impairment%20patients%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Vincent%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Rochas%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Stefania%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Konstantopoulou%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Paul%20G.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Unschuld%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Alexander%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Opitz%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lucie%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Br%5Cu00e9chet%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Objective%5CnWe%20compared%20personalized%20MRI-based%20simulations%20of%20multi-electrode%20tACS%20with%20simulations%20using%20a%20fixed%2C%20standardized%20setting%20computed%20on%20the%20MNI%20head%20model%20in%20patients%20with%20mild%20cognitive%20impairment%20%28MCI%29%2C%20as%20well%20as%20in%20healthy%20older%20%28HO%29%20and%20younger%20%28HY%29%20participants.%20We%20questioned%20whether%20the%20distribution%20and%20strength%20of%20the%20induced%20electrical%20field%20would%20differ%20among%20these%20three%20groups.%5CnMethods%5CnStructural%20MRI%20scans%20were%20acquired%20from%20149%20participants%2C%20including%2033%20MCI%20patients%2C%2058%20HY%2C%20and%2058%20HO%20adults.%20A%20fixed%20selection%20of%206%20electrode%20positions%20was%20used%20to%20define%20the%20optimal%20current%20to%20induce%20an%20electric%20field%20strength%20of%200.3%5Cu00a0V%5C%2Fm%20in%20the%20target%20region%2C%20the%20left%20angular%20gyrus.%20The%20distribution%20of%20the%20electric%20field%20strength%20in%20the%20brain%2C%20including%20the%20target%20region%2C%20was%20calculated%20for%20the%20personalized%20and%20standardized%20simulation%20conditions.%5CnResults%5CnPersonalized%20tACS%20simulations%20showed%20a%20significantly%20increased%20electric%20field%20strength%20in%20the%20target%20region%20compared%20to%20the%20standardized%20simulation%20in%20MCI%20patients%2C%20the%20former%20being%20closer%20to%20the%20desired%20electric%20field%20strength.%20No%20difference%20was%20found%20in%20healthy%20participants.%20Moreover%2C%20the%20standardized%20simulation%20significantly%20increased%20the%20current%20variability%20at%20the%20target%20region%20compared%20to%20personalized%20simulations%20in%20all%20groups%2C%20indicating%20a%20larger%20current%20spread.%5CnConclusion%5CnThis%20study%20demonstrates%20that%20personalized%20modelling%20of%20electric%20fields%20is%20essential%20for%20controlling%20anatomical%20differences%2C%20ensuring%20accurate%20dosing%20in%20target%20regions%2C%20and%20minimizing%20the%20spread%20of%20stimulation%20to%20other%20areas%2C%20especially%20in%20individuals%20with%20MCI.%5CnSignificance%5CnAnatomical%20variations%20can%20significantly%20impact%20the%20electrical%20field%20strength%20induced%20by%20transcranial%20electrical%20stimulation%20%28tACS%29%20in%20the%20brain%20of%20MCI%20patients.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222025-09-01%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.clinph.2025.2110930%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%5C%2Fscience%5C%2Farticle%5C%2Fpii%5C%2FS1388245725007825%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221388-2457%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%222E6FW5HR%22%2C%22QWCYR4J9%22%2C%22QZJCI396%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-08-07T13%3A33%3A39Z%22%7D%7D%5D%7D
Cataldi, J., Pelentritou, A., Schwartz, S., & De Lucia, M. (2026). Sensory processing reallocation from auditory to cardiac signals in REM sleep. Current Biology, 36(16), 4151-4159.e3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2026.07.024
Banerjee, R., Kaptan, M., Tinnermann, A., Khatibi, A., Dabbagh, A., Büchel, C., Kündig, C. W., Law, C. S. W., Pfyffer, D., Lythgoe, D. J., Tsivaka, D., Van De Ville, D., Eippert, F., Muhammad, F., Glover, G. H., David, G., Haynes, G., Haaker, J., Brooks, J. C. W., … Cohen-Adad, J. (2025). EPISeg: Automated segmentation of the spinal cord on echo planar images using open-access multi-center data. Imaging Neuroscience, 3, IMAG.a.98. https://doi.org/10.1162/IMAG.a.98
Harquel, S., Cadic-Melchior, A., Morishita, T., Fleury, L., Ceroni, M., Menoud, P., Brügger, J., Beanato, E., Meyer, N. H., Evangelista, G. G., Egger, P., Van De Ville, D., Blanke, O., Micera, S., Léger, B., Adolphsen, J., Jagella, C., Mühl, A., Constantin, C., … Hummel, F. C. (2025). Brain Oscillatory Modes as a Proxy of Stroke Recovery. Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, 39(12), 983–996. https://doi.org/10.1177/15459683251363241
Naga Karthik, E., Bédard, S., Valošek, J., Aigner, C. S., Bannier, E., Bednařík, J., Callot, V., Combes, A., Curt, A., David, G., Eippert, F., Farner, L., Fehlings, M. G., Freund, P., Granberg, T., Granziera, C., Horn, U., Horák, T., Humphreys, S., … Cohen-Adad, J. (2026). Monitoring morphometric drift in lifelong learning segmentation of the spinal cord. Imaging Neuroscience, 4, IMAG.a.1105. https://doi.org/10.1162/IMAG.a.1105
Gninenko, N., Senn, P., Haller, S., & Van De Ville, D. (2026). Altered parietal multisensory integration in chronic tinnitus during closed-loop real-time fMRI auditory downregulation. NeuroImage: Clinical, 49, 103960. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2026.103960
Forrer, S., Delavari, F., Sandini, C., Van De Ville, D., & Eliez, S. (2026). Developmental Brain Network Trajectories Differentiate Resilience and Vulnerability to Psychosis in 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome. Biological Psychiatry Global Open Science, 6(5), 100768. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsgos.2026.100768
Morishita, T., Coscia, M., Bacigalupo, M., Lassi, M., Proulx, C. E., Fleury, L., & Hummel, F. C. (2026). Motor-evoked modules obtained from transcranial magnetic stimulation. Journal of Neurophysiology, 136(3), 1058–1074. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.00122.2026
Vassiliadis, P., Pinheiro, D. L., Fleury, L., Zenon, A., Esparza-Iaizzo, M., Ingster, A., Micera, S., Shokur, S., & Hummel, F. C. (2026). Real-time reinforcement for human-machine interface control. Neuron, S0896627326003806. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2026.05.009
De Riedmatten, I., Spencer, A. P. C., Martuzzi, R., Rochas, V., Pérot, J., Szczepankiewicz, F., & Jelescu, I. O. (2026). Characterising the Diffusion Functional Signature of Negative BOLD With Interleaved TMS ‐ fMRI in the Human Brain. Human Brain Mapping, 47(12), e70629. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.70629
De Riedmatten, I., Spencer, A. P. C., Martuzzi, R., Rochas, V., Pérot, J., Szczepankiewicz, F., & Jelescu, I. O. (2026). Characterising the Diffusion Functional Signature of Negative BOLD With Interleaved TMS ‐ fMRI in the Human Brain. Human Brain Mapping, 47(12), e70629. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.70629
Delavari, F., Moia, S., Forrer, S., Sandini, C., Kojovic, N., Pascucci, A., Lacour, C., Eliez, S., & Van De Ville, D. (2026). Aberrant cerebrovascular reactivity presents as an early biomarker of psychosis susceptibility in patients with 22q11.2DS. Translational Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-026-04382-y
Pappaianni, E., Borsarini, B., Berchio, C., Aicoboaie, S., Konstantopoulou, S. V., Van De Ville, D., & Micali, N. (2025). Neurobiology and Cognition in Girls at High‐Risk of Eating Disorders: Exploring Imaging‐Derived Trait Markers. European Eating Disorders Review, 33(5), 1032–1043. https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.3203
Michel, C. M., & Bréchet, L. (2026). EEG microstates: from methodological foundations to clinical translation. Trends in Neurosciences, S0166223626000743. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2026.04.003
Philippe, J., Pato Montemayor, N., Romanin, L., Sleight, E., Klauser, A., Di Noto, T., Bacha, L., Maréchal, B., Herrler, J., Liebig, P. A., Heidemann, R. M., Thiran, J., Hilbert, T., Piredda, G. F., & Yu, T. (2026). How Much Does Motion Matter? Evaluating the Motion Robustness of pTx Pulses at 7 T. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, mrm.70399. https://doi.org/10.1002/mrm.70399
Pascucci, A., Forrer, S., Sandini, C., Mancini, V., Alemán-Gómez, Y., Eliez, S., & Delavari, F. (2026). Developmental Alterations in the Diffusion Tensor Imaging Analysis Along the Perivascular Space Index Suggest Possible Glymphatic-Related Mechanisms Underlying Excitation/Inhibition Imbalance and Psychosis Vulnerability in 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome. Biological Psychiatry Global Open Science, 6(3), 100713. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsgos.2026.100713
Ribierre, T., & Baulac, S. (2024). Brain Mosaicism in Epileptogenic Cortical Malformations. In J. L. Noebels, M. Avoli, M. A. Rogawski, A. Vezzani, & A. V. Delgado-Escueta (Eds.), Jasper’s Basic Mechanisms of the Epilepsies (5th ed., pp. 861–880). Oxford University PressNew York. https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197549469.003.0043
Ribierre, T., & Baulac, S. (2025). Du mosaïcisme cérébral aux crises d’épilepsie: Une nouvelle stratégie thérapeutique ciblée. Médecine/Sciences, 41(4), 316–318. https://doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2025053
Maletic, M., Bizzotto, S., Ribierre, T., Guerdoud, K., Raoux, C., Doladilhe, M., Dalle, C., Picard, F., & Baulac, S. (2026). Mosaic human cortical organoids model mTOR-related focal cortical dysplasia through DEPDC5 deletion. Brain, awag086. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awag086
Oderbolz, C., Orpella, J., & Meyer, M. (2026). Linguistic pitch is hierarchically encoded in the right ventral stream. Communications Biology, 9(1), 267. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-026-09545-7
Hummel, F. C. (2025). Transcranial Temporal Interference Stimulation ( tTIS ): Pioneering Non‐Invasive Deep Brain Neuromodulation for Movement Disorders and Beyond. Movement Disorders, 40(6), 993–995. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.30237
Kinany, N., Pirondini, E., Micera, S., & Van De Ville, D. (2023). Spinal Cord fMRI: A New Window into the Central Nervous System. The Neuroscientist, 29(6), 715–731. https://doi.org/10.1177/10738584221101827
Mammeri, K., Legendre, G., Journal, F., Fernandez, N., Ruppen-Maret, H., Combey, J., Schwartz, S., & Sterpenich, V. (2026). Age and gender-related neurophysiological changes in sleep and wake states during childhood. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, 78, 101681. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2026.101681
Awada, J., Delavari, F., Bolton, T. A. W., Alouf, F., Carruzzo, F., Kuenzi, N., Kaliuzhna, M., Geffen, T., Katthagen, T., Schlagenhauf, F., Van De Ville, D., Eliez, S., Kaiser, S., & Bègue, I. (2026). A Longitudinal and Reproducible Anti-Coactivation Pattern Between the Cerebellum and the Ventral Tegmental Area Is Related to Apathy in Schizophrenia. Biological Psychiatry, 99(2), 124–133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2025.06.009
Raffin, E., Salamanca‐Giron, R. F., Huxlin, K. R., Reynaud, O., Mattera, L., Martuzzi, R., & Hummel, F. C. (2025). Causal disconnectomics of motion perception networks: insights from transcranial magnetic stimulation‐induced BOLD responses. The Journal of Physiology, JP289699. https://doi.org/10.1113/JP289699
Raffin, E., Bevilacqua, M., Windel, F., Menoud, P., Salamanca-Giron, R. F., Feroldi, S., Zandvliet, S. B., Ramdass, N., Draaisma, L., Vuilleumier, P., Guggisberg, A. G., Bonvin, C., Fleury, L., Huxlin, K. R., Beanato, E., & Hummel, F. C. (2025). Boosting hemianopia recovery: the power of interareal cross-frequency brain stimulation. Brain, awaf252. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awaf252
Xiao, Y., Kaiser, A., Kockisch, M., Back, A., Carlet, R., Liu, X., Huang, Z., Döring, A., Widmaier, M., & Xin, L. (2025). A graphical pipeline platform for MRS data processing and analysis: MRSpecLAB. Frontiers in Neuroimaging, 4, 1610658. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnimg.2025.1610658
Ros, T., Férat, V., Huang, Y., Colangelo, C., Kia, S. M., Wolfers, T., Vulliemoz, S., & Michela, A. (2025). Return of the GEDAI: Unsupervised EEG Denoising based on Leadfield Filtering. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.10.04.680449
Reich, N., Imparato, A., Cataldi, J., Thillainathan, N., Delavari, F., Schneider, M., Eliez, S., Siclari, F., & Sandini, C. (2025). Multivariate deep phenotyping reveals behavioral correlates of non-restorative sleep in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. Psychiatry Research, 347, 116423. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2025.116423
Balboni, I., Rampinini, A., Kepinska, O., Berthele, R., & Golestani, N. (2025). Brain activation for language and its relationship to cognitive and linguistic measures. Cerebral Cortex, 35(8), bhaf231. https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhaf231
Pievani, M., Ribaldi, F., Toussas, K., Da Costa, S., Jorge, J., Reynaud, O., Chicherio, C., Blouin, J. L., Scheffler, M., Garibotto, V., Jovicich, J., Jelescu, I. O., & Frisoni, G. B. (2024). Resting-state functional connectivity abnormalities in subjective cognitive decline: A 7T MRI study. Neurobiology of Aging, 144, 104–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2024.09.007
Contestabile, A., Kojovic, N., Casarotto, G., Delavari, F., Hagmann, P., Schaer, M., & Bellone, C. (2025). Translational research approach to social orienting deficits in autism: the role of superior colliculus-ventral tegmental pathway. Molecular Psychiatry, 30(8), 3729–3739. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-025-02962-w
Gomez, L., Cadilhac, C., Prados, J., Mule, N., Jabaudon, D., & Dayer, A. (2023). Developmental emergence of cortical neurogliaform cell diversity. Development, 150(15), dev201830. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.201830
Abe, P., Lavalley, A., Morassut, I., Santinha, A. J., Roig-Puiggros, S., Javed, A., Klingler, E., Baumann, N., Prados, J., Platt, R. J., & Jabaudon, D. (2024). Molecular programs guiding arealization of descending cortical pathways. Nature, 634(8034), 644–651. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07895-y
Lo Giudice, Q., Wagener, R. J., Abe, P., Frangeul, L., & Jabaudon, D. (2024). Developmental emergence of first- and higher-order thalamic neuron molecular identities. Development, 151(18), dev202764. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.202764
Baldassari, S., Klingler, E., Teijeiro, L. G., Doladilhe, M., Raoux, C., Roig-Puiggros, S., Bizzotto, S., Couturier, J., Gilbert, A., Sami, L., Ribierre, T., Aronica, E., Adle-Biassette, H., Chipaux, M., Jabaudon, D., & Baulac, S. (2025). Single-cell genotyping and transcriptomic profiling of mosaic focal cortical dysplasia. Nature Neuroscience, 28(5), 964–972. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-025-01936-z
De Pieri, M., Rochas, V., Sabe, M., Michel, C., & Kaiser, S. (2023). Pharmaco-EEG of antipsychotic treatment response: a systematic review. Schizophrenia, 9(1), 85. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41537-023-00419-z
Liebrand, M., Katsarakis, A., Josi, J., Diezig, S., Michel, C., Schultze-Lutter, F., Rochas, V., Mancini, V., Kaess, M., Hubl, D., Koenig, T., & Kindler, J. (2024). EEG microstate D as psychosis-specific correlate in adolescents and young adults with clinical high risk for psychosis and first-episode psychosis. Schizophrenia Research, 264, 49–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2023.11.014
Rochas, V., Montandon, M.-L., Rodriguez, C., Herrmann, F. R., Eytan, A., Pegna, A. J., Michel, C. M., & Giannakopoulos, P. (2025). EEG correlates of egocentric and altercentric biases in forensic cases with borderline personality. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 19, 1583050. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1583050
De Pieri, M., Rochas, V., Apostolopoulou, D., Kirschner, M., Sabe, M., Bartolomei, J., Bègue, I., Koenig, T., & Kaiser, S. (2025). EEG microstates, acute phase negative symptoms of schizophrenia and antipsychotic treatment response. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, 141, 111466. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111466
Latrèche, C., Mancini, V., McGinn, N., Rochas, V., Férat, V., Forrer, S., Schneider, M., & Eliez, S. (2024). Safety and feasibility of home-based transcranial alternating current stimulation in youths with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 18, 1453839. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2024.1453839
Cho, N., Squair, J. W., Aureli, V., James, N. D., Bole-Feysot, L., Dewany, I., Hankov, N., Baud, L., Leonhartsberger, A., Sveistyte, K., Skinnider, M. A., Gautier, M., Laskaratos, A., Galan, K., Goubran, M., Ravier, J., Merlos, F., Batti, L., Pages, S., … Courtine, G. (2024). Hypothalamic deep brain stimulation augments walking after spinal cord injury. Nature Medicine, 30(12), 3676–3686. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-024-03306-x
Soriano, J. E., Hudelle, R., Mahe, L., Gautier, M., Teo, A. Y. Y., Skinnider, M. A., Laskaratos, A., Ceto, S., Kathe, C., Hutson, T., Charbonneau, R., Girgis, F., Casha, S., Rimok, J., Tso, M., Larkin-Kaiser, K., Hankov, N., Gandhi, A., Amir, S., … Courtine, G. (2025). A neuronal architecture underlying autonomic dysreflexia. Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-09487-w
Morishita, T., Harquel, S., Maceira-Elvira, P., Egger, P., & Hummel, F. C. (2025). Complexity of neural outputs elicited by transcranial magnetic stimulation. Journal of Neurophysiology, 134(5), 1341–1358. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.00221.2025
Kinany, N., Landelle, C., De Leener, B., Lungu, O., Doyon, J., & Van De Ville, D. (2024). In vivo parcellation of the human spinal cord functional architecture. Imaging Neuroscience, 2, imag–2–00059. https://doi.org/10.1162/imag_a_00059
Albert, L., Potheegadoo, J., Herbelin, B., Bernasconi, F., & Blanke, O. (2024). Numerosity estimation of virtual humans as a digital-robotic marker for hallucinations in Parkinson’s disease. Nature Communications, 15(1), 1905. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-45912-w
Al Awadhi, A., Kiss-Bodolay, D., Grannò, S., Ronchi, R., Bobbink-Blondiaux, E., Tyrand, R., Boëx, C., Voruz, P., Iannotti, G. R., Péron, J., Herbelin, B., Blanke, O., & Schaller, K. (2025). Human self and Neurosurgery: Advances and insights from Geneva. Brain and Spine, 5, 104385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bas.2025.104385
Meyer, N. H., Babo-Rebelo, M., Potheegadoo, J., Duong Phan Thanh, L., Boscheron, J., Herbelin, B., Vuarnesson, L., Stampacchia, S., Toye, I. M., Esposito, F., Morais Lacerda, M., Trivier, A., Beanato, E., Alvarez, V., Bassolino, M., & Blanke, O. (2025). Bodily perception links memory and self: A case study of an amnesic patient. Cortex, 191, 245–265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2025.07.015
Albert, L., Herbelin, B., Bernasconi, F., & Blanke, O. (2025). Extrastriate activity reflects sensorimotor-induced bias in estimating number of visual humans. Cerebral Cortex, 35(9), bhaf270. https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhaf270
Ricchi, I., Kinany, N., & Van De Ville, D. (2024). Lumbosacral spinal cord functional connectivity at rest: From feasibility to reliability. Imaging Neuroscience, 2, imag–2–00286. https://doi.org/10.1162/imag_a_00286
Rochas, V., Konstantopoulou, S., Unschuld, P. G., Opitz, A., & Bréchet, L. (2025). MRI-individualized, multi-electrode tACS enhances the induced electrical field strength in the targeted area of mild cognitive impairment patients. Clinical Neurophysiology, 177, 2110930. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2025.2110930